The article presents the results of the study of soft spring wheat varieties of Canadian breeding in order to identify the genetic sources of high baking value. A comprehensive assessment of the following economic and useful traits was carried out: yield, plant height, resistance to lodging and major fungal diseases, weight of 1000 grains, grain unit, vitreous content, protein and gluten content in the grain. The method of complex indices was used for the final evaluation of the varieties. It was found that the studied Canadian varieties are unsuitable for use in breeding for high yields in the conditions of the Central part of Russia. It was revealed that the varieties Bluesky, Oslo, Biggar, BW 90, Ac Kagma, CDC Merlin and Ac Taber have the highest values of complex indices. They are recommended for use in the breeding of soft spring wheat varieties with high yield and baking values of grain.

The effect of occurrence of plants with two tillering nodes on the overwintering and grain yield covering 43 cultivars of winter hexaploid triticale in the Central region of the non-Chernozem zone were studied. It was shown that increased content of plants with two tillering nodes has a positive impact on the triticale overwintering. This trait does not directly influence on crop yield, but a positive trend was revealed. This makes it possible to select forms that combine high adaptability and grain yield.

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The results of a study of 12 varieties of spring soft wheat in the conditions of Central region of the Nonchernozem zone of Russia in 2019-2020 are presented in order to isolate the most valuable source material in terms of yield and grain quality. A comprehensive assessment of economically useful traits was carried out - yield, resistance to fungal diseases and lodging, protein and gluten content, an assessment of baking qualities was carried out. Also, all varieties of the spring soft wheat collection were evaluated by the index method, and an index evaluation was carried out. It was found that the Ekada 66 variety (613.4 g / m2) is significantly more productive in comparison with the standard Zlata variety (449.9 g / m2). The varieties Hercules, KVS Akvilon, Ekada 109, Tyumenskaya 25, Chernozemno-Uralskaya 2 and Sudarynya also showed high yields, which are at the standard level. It was revealed that the varieties Hercules, KVS Akvilon, Ekada 109 and Ekada 66 were characterized by complex resistance to lodging and the main fungal diseases against a natural infectious background. It was found that the varieties Heracles, Kinelskaya Otrada, KVS Akvilon, Ekada 113 and Tyumenskaya 25 have the highest values of the complex indices, therefore, these varieties are recommended to be used in further breeding for high yield and grain quality.