exercise in participants, heterogeneity of exercise, and the small number of studies included.In 2017, a meta-analysis including 21 RCTs (N55,540) focused on exercise interventions for fall reduction. 3 The trials included nursing home adults (65 years old and older, mean age 82.6 years old, 81% female). Interventions included exercise alone (strength, balance, endurance, or walking) or exercise combined with two or more other interventions including medication review, education, home visit, environmental modification, or staff education. The intervention duration was between 4 and 48 weeks. Outcome measures included the rates of falls and number of fallers and were assessed by nursing home staff or medical records. Overall, exercise interventions reduced the rate of falls (18 trials, N55,047; RR 0.81; 95% CI, 0.68-0.97). Exercise combined with other interventions also resulted in a significant decrease in the rate of falls (14 trials, N54,100; RR 0.6; 95% CI, 0.52-0.72) and the number of fallers (14 trials, N54,100; RR 0.85; 95% CI, 0.77-0.95). Compared with control group interventions, all exercise interventions and exercise alone did not reduce the number of fallers, and exercise alone did not reduce the rate of falls. Limitations were similar to the previous study.
