No abstract

A field experiment was conducted at experimental farm, college of Agriculture, University of Anbar, Abu Ghraib (Alternative Site) during the summer season 2016 in silty clay loam soil to study the effectof foliar application with thiamin B1 on plant content of HCN (hydrocynic acid) of ten sorghum cultivars, the layout of experiment was randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates , the first factor consisted of ten cultivars of sorghum (Inkath, Rabih, Kafir, Mabrouk, Buhooth 70, Syrian cultivar, Babil , Warka, Lilo and Ishtar),the second factor was three concentrations of vitamin B1 (thiamine), The plants was cut three timesduring growth season at 50% flowering to estimate the plant content of HCN, the results of this experiment are summarized as follows: the concentrations of HCN in the cultivars samples was safe levelswhen the three cuttings operationsat 50% flowering, Ishtar cultivar gave the lowest concentration of HCN was 93.3, 103.6, 118.4 ppm, at three cuttings respectively, In addition,spraying of vitamin B1with 75 mg.L-1 concentration gave the lowest average content ofHCN 99.1, 107.8 and 119.7 mg .L-1 at three cutting respectively , the interaction between the study factors had a significant effect on plant content of (HCN) at the three cuttings.

A field study was conducted at a research station in Al-Hamidiyah, which is affiliated to the College of Agriculture - University of Anbar, during winter 2020-2021. It aims to study the effect of four concentrations of the growth regulator melatonin on the vegetative growth traits of four genotypes of faba bean. A split –plot arrangement in randomaized complete block design RCBD, in three replications, was used. The concentrations of the growth regulator occupied the main plots (0, 5, 10 and 15) mg.l-1. While the American (Sakis), Dutch (Aquadulce), Italian (Ackerbhone) and Turkish (Aquadlge) genotypes occupied the sub plots. The most important results were the following: The American genotype superiority in most growth traits gave the height of plant is 96.94 cm, branches number in plant is 10.08, leaf area is 4770 cm2. plant-1, dry weight of plant is 184.71 g, chlorophyll content in the leaves is 48.21 spad, and the length of the pod is 19.63 cm. As for the Italian variety, it gave the lowest period from planting to the beginning of flowering, which was 59.42 day. As for the Turkish genotype record, the longest period from planting to beginning of flowering 64.57day. Spraying with the growth regulator melatonin led to the emergence of significant differences between all the traits. The concentration 15 mg.l-1 of melatonin gave a highest mean for each: plant height is 78.23 cm, branches number is 8.50, leaf area is 3840 cm2. Plant-1, dry weight is 177.63 g, chlorophyll content in the leaves is 44.02 spad, and the length of the pod is 18.15 cm. There was a significant overlap between American genotype with concentration 15 mg.l-1 in each of the leaf area, dry weight of the plant, and chlorophyll content of leaves. The overlap was significant between American genotype with concentration 10 mg. l-1 in plant height.

A field experiment was carried out in the winter season 2019-2020, in the Nuaimiya region of Fallujah city – Al -Anbar Governorate. The aim of the experiment was to study the response of growth and yield traits of faba bean to foliar feeding with Triplex amino biostimulator. The experiment was applied by using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) according to the arrangement of the split-plot with three replicates. The main plots included three genotypes from the remnants (American, Dutch and Italian), While the sub plots included four concentrations of Triplex amino biostimulator (0, 2.5, 5 and 7.5) g L−1. The Dutch genotype recorded the highest average for each of the number of branches in the plant (8. 84branch.plant−1), leaf area (3289.2 cm2). Plant−1, number of pods per plant (19.25 pods. Plant−1), number of seeds per pod (4.56 seed.pod−1) and seed yield (4.263t.h−1), While the American genotype gave the highest average for plant height (106.70 cm) and 100 seed weight (114.5 g.) The biostimulant significantly effect on all growth and yield traits, the concentration 7.5 g. L−1 gave the highest average for each of Plant height (113.29 cm), number of branches per plant (9.88 branch. plant−1 ), leaf area(3637.9 cm2). Plant−1, number of pods per plant (22.06) pods, number of seeds per pod (4.48 seed.pod−1, weight of 100 seeds (125.2g) and seed yield (4,342 t.h−1). The interaction between the Dutch genotype and concentration 7.5 g. L−1 of the bio stimulant was given the highest average for the number of branches per plant, leaf area, number of pods per plant, and number of seeds per pod.

In the summer of 2022, researchers in the Karma region of Anbar Governorate applied foliar nutrition with brasinolide to four different sesame cultivars to see how it affected their growth. The study followed a randomized complete block design (RCBD), with a split-plot layout and three replicates. Brassinolide concentrations occupied the main plots (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 mg L-1), while the cultivars (Sumer, Rafidain, Wadea, Hadd) occupied the sub-plots. The results indicated that the Sumer cultivar recorded the lowest number of days from planting to the beginning of flowering, which amounted to 39.83, it also gave the highest average plant height of 198.17 cm. The cultivar Hadd was superior in the number of branches (6.29 plant-1), the leaf area (7863 cm2 plant-1), and the dry weight of the plant (223.48 gm). Whereas, the Wadea cultivar outperformed in the leaves content of chlorophyll (26.53 mg 100 g-1 fresh weight). The brasinolide concentration of 1.5 mg L-1 recorded the shortest period from planting to the beginning of flowering (38.67 days), plant height (199.17 cm, number of branches 5.08 branch plant-1, leaf area 5619 cm2 plant-1, chlorophyll content (26.93 mg 100 gm-1 fresh weight, and plant dry weight 215.58 gm. There was a significant interaction between the cultivar Sumer and the concentration of 1.5 mg L-1 in the number of days from planting to the beginning of flowering and plant height. Also, there was an interaction between Hadd cultivar and the same concentration in the number of branches, leaf area and dry weight of the plant. While, the cultivar Wadea, it also interacts with the same concentration in the leaf’s chlorophyll content.