This paper seeks to see how the Qanun Jinayah discriminates against women who are victims of rape. In Qanun Jinayah in article 52, paragraph 1, explain that the victim of rape must include evidence at the time of report. The Qanun Jinayah clearly makes a double burden on the victims where women victims of rape must present evidence and witnesses. Whereas in the criminal law (KUHP), evidence and witnesses are the responsibility of the investigator. This study seeks to see how the discriminatory impacts experienced by victims (women) after the Qanun Jinayah is implemented. Furthermore, this paper uses qualitative method with in-depth interview. The hypothesis of this paper is that Qanun Jinayah has discriminated against women especially the victims of rape and this allows the occurrence of injustice and violation of human rights.

This article probes whether the implementation of the caning sentence in Aceh may reach its objective of deterrent effect given the way the execution conducted. From the field observation, the flogging was not much different from entertainment. The mass gathered in one place to watch the execution; they include children, street vendors, researchers, and journalists. There was a stage, VIP seats for guests, loudspeakers, administrative arrangements, and the caning punishment procession. Using a qualitative research approach with an in-depth interview method, it seeks to understand how the community involved in the caning execution was and how the government was designed the sentence as such and why.  It finds that while the government saw the caning law as the implementation of Islamic sharia in Aceh, the people interpreted its execution more as entertainment. The government has used the caning sentence execution as a demonstration of power, often for a political gain, because it emphasizeds its presence not only as of the guardian of shari’a for Acehnese but also as a devout politician who keeps his political promises. Yet, little of this punishment deterrent effect conveyed to the society due to the way it was staged and executed.Keywords: Qanun Jinayat, Aceh, Caning Punishment, Stage, Entertainment, Deterrent EffectAbstrak Artikel ini meneliti tentang tujuan pelaksanaan hukuman cambuk di Aceh sebagai efek jera dengan cara ‘dipanggungkan’. Dari pengamatan lapangan, hukum cambuk yang dilakukan tidak jauh berbeda dengan hiburan. Dimana massa berkumpul di satu tempat untuk menyaksikan eksekusi yang terdiri dari; anak-anak, pedagang kaki lima, peneliti, dan wartawan. Terdapat panggung tempat eksekusi cambuk dilakukan, kursi VIP untuk tamu undangan, pengeras suara, pengaturan administrasi dan prosesi hukuman cambuk. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan wawancara mendalam. Penelitian ini berusaha memahami bagaimana pandangan dan keterlibatan masyarakat dalam pelaksanaan hukuman tersebut serta bagaimana pemerintah merancang hukuman cambuk dan alasan di balik hukuman ini. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa Pemerintah melihat hukum cambuk sebagai bukti komitmen pemerintah terhadap penerapan syariah Islam di Aceh, sedangkan masyarakat melihat hukum cambuk sebagai hiburan. Dalam hal ini Pemerintah menggunakan eksekusi hukum cambuk sebagai demonstrasi kekuasaan, bagian dari agenda politik, karena menekankan kehadirannya tidak hanya sebagai wali syariah bagi rakyat Aceh tetapi juga sebagai politisi yang menepati janji politiknya. Namun, eksekusi hukum cambuk dengan cara dipentaskan ini hanya memberi sedikit efek jera kepada masyarakat. Kata kunci: Qanun Jinayat, Aceh, Hukuman cambuk, Panggung, Hiburan, Efek Pencegah

This paper seeks to see the difference between entrepreneurs and opportunistic and trying to define both categories. The entrepreneur intended in this paper is a person who does business, has a brilliant idea, this person is very good at seeing opportunities and execute those opportunities and have moral responsibility. while an opportunist is a person who goods in identifying opportunities, taking opportunities and making as much profit as possible for himself. both variables appear to have the same definition but an entrepreneur has a positive label because it has a moral responsibility where the existence of an entrepreneur can provide benefits to others, both consumers, the community around where the company is located. While opportunists sound negative because the benefits are only for their own benefit. This paper uses literature review methods. Moreover, theories and concepts used in this paper refers to the theory of Neo-Liberal theory by Francis Fukuyama.

This study discusses local governments' opportunities and challenges in practising paradiplomacy in the Indo-Pacific region. A country's central government owns the authority to practice international relations, and local governments also own this authority through paradiplomacy practices. This study uses qualitative research methods by searching for theoretical references relevant to cases or problems found in various literature, mainly scientific journals, books, reports, and actual and trusted news on the internet. This paper aims to reveal local governments' opportunities and challenges in paradigmatic practice, especially in the Indo-Pacific region. From the analysis results, the practice of paradiplomacy in the Indo Pacific. This paper aims to reveal local governments' opportunities and challenges in paradiplomacy practice, especially in the Indo-Pacific region. From the analysis results, the practice of paradiplomacy in the Indo-Pacific is quite good but not maximised because many paradiplomacy practices reach the MoU stage. In contrast, they have not reached the program implementation frame. Generally, the Indo-Pacific region's opportunities for the practice of paradiplomacy are quite large because the regions in the Indo-Pacific region have many similarities, which is one of the crucial indicators in the practice of paradiplomacy.

The Puncak Geurutee area is one of the tourist destinations in Aceh Jaya Regency, as regulated by Regional Regulation No. 9 of 2014 concerning the Spatial Planning and Area of Aceh Jaya Regency for the period of 2014-2034. This research aims to describe the potential environmental impacts in the Puncak Geurutee area. The research method used is qualitative descriptive, utilizing primary and secondary data sources. Data collection is conducted through interviews. The research findings indicate that this tourist location is situated in a protected forest area and along the road. Therefore, the selling activities conducted by vendors along Geurutee Road are considered violations of regulations. Furthermore, this tourist site lacks waste management services, resulting in vendors disposing of trash indiscriminately, including into the ravine, which can eventually reach the sea. The absence of government intervention in regulating these illegal vendors contributes to ongoing environmental damage and disruption to the road's functionality. Additionally, the culinary huts located at the tourist site are also illegal structures.AbstrakKawasan Puncak Geurutee merupakan salah satu destinasi wisata di Kabupaten Aceh Jaya. Hal ini tertuang dalam Qanun Nomor 9 Tahun 2014 tentang Rencana Tata Ruang dan Wilayah Kabupaten Aceh Jaya Tahun 2014-2034. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tentang keberadaan lokasi wisata yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan lingkungan di kawasan Puncak Geurutee. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kualitatif deskriptif dengan sumber data primer dan sekunder. Pengumpulan data digunakan dengan cara wawancara. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa lokasi wisata ini berada di kawasan hutan lindung dan badan jalan maka kegiatan berjualan yang dilakukan oleh pedagang di sepanjang jalan Geurutee merupakan tindakan yang dilarang. Temuan penelitian ini, lokasi wisata yang berada di badan jalan dan kawasan hutan lindung menyebabkan tidak ada layanan pengelolaan sampah hal ini menyebabkan pedagang membuang sampah sembarangan ke dasar jurang dan dapat mencapai laut. Pemerintah tidak hadir untuk mengatur pedagang liar yang menyebabkan kerusakan lingkungan terus terjadi dan fungsi jalan yang terganggu bangunan pondok kuliner di lokasi wisata tersebut bersifat illegal.