No abstract

The shape, amount, and distribution of starch granules are specific to each plant. Different plants will have different shapes, quantities, and distribution of starch granules. Based on the shape, amount and distribution of starch, the types of starch producing plants can be classified. Taro (Colocasia esculenta L .) is a starch-producing plant that has the potential to be developed in the future. Colocasia esculenta L is distributed in a wide area in West Sumatra, Indonesia so that genetic variations and variations in anatomical structure are interesting to know. The method in this study is the observation of the shape and distribution of starch, as well as the observation of chromosomal karyotypes. This study aims to determine the shape, amount, and distribution of starch granules and karyotypes from Colocasia esculenta L. Colocasia esculenta L has the form of round starch granules, rectangles, semicircles, polygonal and triangles. The amount of starch is 6-35 percent and the pattern of spreading irregular starch with cortical cells is not entirely filled with starch. The basic chromosome number of Colocasia esculenta L is n = 14.

The main obstacle to increase rice yield in new opening paddy fields, is that high levels of dissolved ferrous ions(Fe2+) which toxic to plants. This research aimed to study the growth and yield of several rice cultivars tolerant toFe2+ in the new opening paddy fields with multi-packet technology. The experiment was conducted from April toDecember 2010, at the new opening pay fields in Koto Baru of Dharmasraya District, West Sumatra. Experimentsused a factorial in a Completely Randomized Design with three replications. The first factor was, selected ricevarieties which were: Krueng Aceh; IR 36; Tukad Balian; Ciherang; and Cisokan. The second factor was thedifferent plant spacing which were a 30 × 30 cm with two seeds per hole, and Plant spacing (10 × 10) × 30 × (10 × 10)cm with one seed per hole. The rice cultivation with packet technology can improved the growth and yield of paddyrice cultivated in new opening paddy field high in Fe2+. Technology package consisting a combination of ricevariety (Krueng Aceh, IR36, and Tukad Balian) + SRI system + peat amelioran 20 Mg ha-1 + plant spacing (10 × 10)× 30 × (10 × 10) cm with one seed per hole, had the best growth and yield of rice cultivated in the new opening fieldshigh in Fe2+, especially in Koto Baru of Dharmasraya District, Krueng Aceh was a variety with the highest grain production by 5.65 Mg ha-1.Keywords: Fe2+; new fields; rice cultivar; technology[How to Cite: Utama MZH, I Wahidi and Sunadi. 2012. Response of Some Rice Cultivars in New Opening Paddy Fields with High Fe2+ Using Multi-packet Technology. J Trop Soils, 17 (3) : 234-244. doi: 10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.239][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.239]