Recently, the importance of studying the biodiversity of the Vitaceae Juss family. increases markedly, while new data appear on the gene pool of cultivated and wild-growing grapes Vitis vinifera L. Modern methods of analyzing the polymorphism of populations of grape plants, both wild-growing and cultural, are actively used. According to the literature, a number of studies have been conducted in the Russian Federation to study native varieties and wild forms of grapes in the Crimea, Dagestan, along the banks of the Don and other regions, but there is very little information about Kuban wild and ancient forms of grapes. The article presents the results of a study of wild forms of the genus Vitis L., growing in places of ancient human settlements on the territory of the Utrish State Nature Reserve of the Krasnodar Territory. For the first time, ampelographically and genetically samples of isolated populations of wild grapes growing on the territory of the Utrish State Nature Reserve have been studied and described. Several habitats of wild grapes, presumably belonging to the Vitis vinifera ssp species, have been studied. Silvestris Gmel. or its variants var. Tipica Negr. - typically wild forest grapes. A detailed description of phytocenoses in which the studied plant forms grow is carried out. Ecological and geographical characteristics of their habitats are given. Samples were taken for further genetic analysis. DNA-marker analysis of plant genotypes by microsatellite loci VVMD27, VVMD5, VS2, VrZAG79 recommended for genotyping of grapes was performed. It was shown that some of the samples are polymorphic to each other, while others are genetically close. When analyzing genotypes, rare alleles were detected for the analyzed SSR loci.

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The purpose of this scientific work was to find and study the variety of wild grapes as future promising sources of selection and valuable traits on the example of the territory of the natural reserve «Red Forest”. Analysis of modern scientific literature on the study of Vitaceae Juss. family biodiversity showed that there is practically no scientific information on agrestic Kuban forms and autochthones of grapes. This article represents the beginning of a new large research work on the study of wild Kuban grapes under study in the territory of Krasnodar Krai, in particular, in the state natural reserve “Red Forest”. The following methods were used in the work: route reconnaissance (during expeditions), traditional geobotanical and ampelographic, analytical. 5 isolated populations of agrestic grapes have been found on the territory of the “Red Forest” nature reserve. For the first time, these forms were studied and described by the ecological and geographical growth conditions and morphological traits of vegetative and generative spheres of grape plants. Significant variability of some indicators has been revealed. The presence of damage by pests and diseases was not visually detected. Hypothetically, these isolated grape populations may belong to Vitis vinifera ssp. Silvestris Gmel. or its variation var. Tipica Negr. (wild forest grapes). Samples were taken for further genetic analysis. This research was carried out within the framework of the RFFR grant project (contract No.19–416–230025).

Modern scientific literature analysis on the Vitaceae Juss. Family biodiversity study showed that this issue is relevant today and is being studied by many scientists in our country more intensively than before, although not so deeply. For example, there is some information on indigenous varieties and grapes wild plants from Crimea, Dagestan, Don and other regions. Unfortunately, there is almost no scientific information on the Kuban wild forms and autochthons. This article contains a part or, one might say, a new large research work beginning on the Kuban grapes wild plants study, studied on the Krasnodar Territory, namely in the Red Forest state nature reserve. At the same time, their ecological and geographic growing conditions were studied with a phytocenoses detailed description. Found isolated populations of grapes, hypothetically could be Vitis vinifera ssp. Silvestris Gmel. or its variants var. Tipica Negr. (wild forest grapes). Wild-growing grapes samples genotypic was carried out for 7 microsatellite loci. The samples genetic similarity analysis according to the microsatellite analysis data revealed the close and most distant genotypes among the wild forms studied sample.

 Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований и Администрации Краснодарского края (грант № 19-416-230025 р_а).