Purpose:The aim of the article was to analyse the correlation between financial liquidity and the competitiveness of enterprises from defense industry enterprises. Design/Methodology/Approach: The solutions were developed on the basis of literature analysis, case study, document analysis. As part of the case study were used diagnostic and prognostic sheets, as well as the analysis of source documents. The analysis of financial liquidity was performed using the induction method, which includes examination of details, generalization in the form of conclusions, synthetic evaluation and diagnosis. The time scope of the research covered the period 2015-2018. Four defense companies in the world were selected for the purpose of the research. Findings: The analysis of four enterprises from the defense industry shows connection between the financial situation (measured by liquidity ratios) and the competitiveness of the surveyed companies. The most stable company, one of the leading defense in the world, is Northrop Grumman. In turn, United Aircraft is characterized by a large dispersion of results and negative values of cash flows from operational activities. The article is also an overview of competitiveness, showing the diversity in managing the resources of an economic unit, and indicates practical guidelines for the use of methods and interpretation of the financial liquidity ratios of enterprises. Practical Implications: The results of the research can be used by company managers, both from the defense industry and others, to create mechanisms that increase competitiveness. Originality/Value: The study is a new contribution to research into the competitiveness of defense companies. The aspects of the competitiveness of defense enterprises on the basis of liquidity ratios remained beyond the area of scientific interest.

The article focuses on mild steel welding and covers the new possibilities of that method. Since 2011 innovate welding technology based on micro-jet cooling just after welding is being checked. Weld metal deposit (WMD) was carried out for standard MIG welding and for new welding method with micro-jet cooling. A very high percentage of acicular ferrite (AF) in WMD was gettable (55-75%) for low alloy welding with micro-jet cooling injector. This beneficial structure (very high amount of AF) is unusual to observe in WMD in other welding methods. This method is very promising mainly due to the significant improvement of weld quality and reduces costs. Furthermore impact toughness and strengths of WMD were carried out. The present paper aims at outlining same of the recent innovations in MIG welding which represent steps ahead to achieve the objectives outlined above.

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The European Union’s New Green Deal generates changes in the socio-economic development of regions. An element of this change is the transformation of the regional profiles of the energy portfolio towards more pro-ecological ones. The aim of this article is to identify the conditions and reasons for the transformation of the energy portfolio of the Eastern Poland macroregion, and to define the directions of the energy portfolio evolution caused by the need to implement the goals of the European Green Deal by 2030, in order to consequently develop the forecast energy portfolio for the Eastern Poland macroregion. It has been assumed that the energy transformation of the Eastern Poland macroregion will be implemented through gradual transformation of the energy portfolio towards dispersed sources of local and civic energy. The research is based on both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The qualitative research was carried out on the basis of the diagnostic survey method with the use of the proprietary questionnaire as well as with the analysis of the content of strategic documents of the voivodships included in the Eastern Poland macroregion. The basis for the preparation of research questions was the extended PEST method which stands for: political, economic, socio-cultural, technological. Research efforts were focused on developing an energy portfolio for the region using the assumptions of the Boston consulting group matrix (a strategic planning tool). The originality of the conducted research consists in the adaptation of the BCG matrix to the development of the forecast energy portfolio and the preparation of a proposal for the aggregated energy portfolio of the Eastern Poland macroregion. The obtained results indicate that the macroregion’s energy portfolio is diversified, though with the key significance of conventional sources. It is predicted that by 2030, the following sources will change their positions within the portfolio for the Eastern Poland macroregion: solar energy, wind energy and bioenergy. However, it will retain the character of a “youth wallet”.

ERP systems help organizations to monitor and report on environmental factors, both in the area of individual plants or entire companies. Regular monitoring and analyzing indicators of impact of the company on the environmental enable organizations to determine the effects of the implemented environmental programs. Article concerns the monitoring and reporting of environmental impact in relation to the use of raw materials and semi-finished products in manufacturing processes.