To boost the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs), a novel material of polypyrrole nanowires (PPy-NWs) modified by carbon dots (CDs) is synthesized by polymerizing pyrrole monomers and CDs, in which CDs are attached and distributed on the surface of the PPy-NWs, thus leading to the rough surface with a special dot-line structure. Such CDs/PPy-NW composite with special unique structure exhibits superior properties, and excellent performance is found for MFC using CDs/PPy-NW composite as anode. The electron transfer rate increases to 0.0934 s -1 with a sharp rise by 26% over pure PPy-NWs, and the resistances of CDs/PPy-NW electrode are only one third of those of pure PPy-NWs electrode. Further, the mini-MFC equipped with the CDs/PPy-NW composite as anode exhibits a high open circuit voltage (630 mV) and its maximum power density with a value of 291.4 mW m -2 is twice that of the mini-MFC equipped with pure PPy-NWs anode. These results demonstrate CDs/PPy-NW with a unique dot-line structure as a more promising anode material for MFC application.

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Infrastructure development in project management process tend to consume more energy and waste more natural resources where higher emission of carbon dioxide and pollution of the surrounding environment other than. Infrastructure consumed a large amount of large amount of energy and materials, which is comparable to cities in countries like Malaysia. This paper reviewed that the role of construction industry specifically for green building development is significant. Though the field of project management is grabbing importance yet certain related issues like land availability and ignorance of people along with certain technical insufficiencies are to be investigated in countries like Malaysia. Energy saving techniques or methods like cogeneration and trigeneration is highlighted and discussed as it is discovered as a key which worked as a backup source of energy supply to avoid interruption.