The objective of this work was to compare peanut yield production potential for runner and Virginia market type cultivars in South Carolina. Cultivar selection decisions are integrally linked to pod yield production potential of a planted field and are often based on available historic and recent yield data. To aid farmers in this process, 24 and 27 field experiments were conducted in South Carolina between 2015 and 2020 for runner and Virginia type cultivars, respectively, to examine yield production potential. Top grouping runner type cultivars consisted of Georgia-16HO, FloRun 331, TUFRunner 297, and Georgia-12Y. Virginia type cultivars within the statistical grouping with the greatest yield included Walton and Bailey II. Total sound mature kernels among runner type cultivars was greatest for Georgia-16HO and Georgia-06G, followed by TUFRunner 297, Georgia-14N, TUFRunner 511, and Georgia-18RU. Virginia type cultivars did not significantly vary with regard to total sound mature kernels in this study. Results generated from this work may be useful as a reference to help inform cultivar selection decisions.