Borate–crosslinked galactomannan gels are commonly used as fracturing fluids. These fluids are reversible gels having crosslink junctions that easily dissociate causing the gels to be both thermal and shear thinning. Rheological measurements and 11B NMR analysis were used to examine the nature of these crosslink junctions. The NMR data suggests that a 1:1 borate polymer complex forms in abundant quantities. The primary structure of the crosslink junction may be an ionic association between the complex and adsorbed cations on the second polymer chain. Steady and oscillatory shear measurements were also made to examine the properties of the crosslink junction.
A field experiment was carried out during the winter season of 2013-14 at the Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Allahabad School of Agriculture. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with twelve treatments and replicated thrice. The plot consisted of three levels of sulphur (15, 30 and 45 kg ha -1 ), two levels of boron (1 and 2 kg ha -1 ) with two sowing methods (line sowing and broadcasting) the results revealed that the maximum no. of siliqua plant -1 (144.86), no. of seeds siliqua -1 (41.60), test weight (3.18 g), seed yield (1.74 t ha -1 ), harvest index (41.90%) and oil content (45.24%) in the treatment (T 5 ) sulphur 30 kg ha -1 and boron 2 kg ha -1 with line sowing. The highest benefit cost ratio (1.81) was obtained in treatment (T 7 ) Sulphur 15 kg ha -1 + boron 1 kg ha -1 with broadcasting.
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