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THE following account of the Freshwater Fishes of South Africa is based on collections in the South African, Bulawayo and Transvaal Museums. * Much of the material was procured by the aid of grants from the British Association and the South African Association for Colour (of preserved specimen), uniform brown, lighter below. One specimen, 90 mm. in length, from Leydsdorp, Transvaal (J. Naughton).

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Tur Hemichordata, considered as including the three groups represented by Cephalodiscus, Balanoglossus, and Phoronis, are of such importance as possible connecting links between the great groups of Vertebrates and Invertebrates that any new facts bearing on their relationship to each other or to other phyla of the animal kingdom are of particular importance. The following observations on a species of Balanoglossid, which exhibits a form of dimorphism, associated with sexual and asexual reproduction, may therefore be of special interest.There appear to be at least four different species of '" Balanoglossus" in