A series of 136 patients with upper extremity ischemia requiring operative correction is presented. Causes of the ischemia included trauma, atherosclerosis, embolism, iatrogenic causes, radiation injury, and cervical rib syndrome. Operations included primary repair, various bypass grafts and embolectomy. Illustrative case reports are used to emphasize important points. The subclavian, axillary and brachial arteries have been considered separately. In general, ischemia of the arm caused by a discrete lesion is amenable to surgical correction with an excellent change of success.

IABP can be a life-saving procedure, but it carries a significant morbidity and mortality. This makes it imperative to temper our indication JM Alvarez, 1992 [1]. The difference in complications rate is due to physicians' experience and technique MJ Goldberg, 1987 [2].

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