The aim of this study is to elucidate the anti-inflammatory effects of Siegesbeckia glabrescens extract in vitro. The n-butanol fraction (100 mg/ml) of S. glabrescens had an approximately 92% inhibitory effect on nitrite production from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage cells, whereas other fractions showed relatively low nitric oxide (NO) inhibition. The n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions of S. glabrescens showed significant chemical NO quenching to approximately 39Á46% in the cell-free system, and showed the decreases of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) transcription potently. The hexane, n-butanol, and ethyl acetate fractions of S. glabrescens showed approximately 90Á96% inhibition of prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) synthesis. The ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and aqueous fractions of S. glabrescens showed a potent inhibition of LPS-induced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA transcription. All S. glabrescens extract-fractions showed significant decreases of IL-1b biosynthesis to 69.7Á 97.0%, as compared to LPS-induced IL-1b production in macrophage cells.

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