-In this work, the recovery of base oils from waste lubricants following the steps of solvent extraction, adsorption on solids and solvent removal by evaporation was evaluated. In the step of solvent extraction, the most efficient was 1-butanol, followed by tert-butanol, 2-propanol and ethanol; for the step of adsorption, activated carbon was the most effective solid for PAH removal, confirming the similarity of these compounds with petroleum aromatic fractions. Thus, the optimum solvent-adsorbent pair for the recovery of used lubricant oils through the proposed methodology was 1-butanol/activated carbon. At the end of the process, it was possible to establish a set of steps that permit the recovery of lubricant base oils with lower content of contaminants.
Lubricant oils undergo degradation increasing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentration. In this work, PAHs adsorption onto activated carbon, powder silica, and powder chitosan surfaces was estimated, with their concentrations in organic solvents (ethanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, and terc-butanol) monitored by UV-visible absorption. Equilibrium concentration was attained after 72 h and the isotherms presented characteristic of multilayer formation. The greater surface density was determined for the chitosan, but the system containing activated carbon and 1-butanol presented better efficiency for PAHs removal. Results indicated that the adsorption evaluated in this work can be a potential stage in the waste lubricant oils global recovery process.Les huiles de lubrification subissent une dégradation augmentant la concentration d'hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP). Dans ce travail, on a estimé l'adsorption de HAPs sur du carbone activé, de la silice en poudre et des surfaces de chitosane en poudre, leurs concentrations dans des solvants organiques (éthanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol et terc-butanol)étant suivies par absorption UV et dans le domaine visible. Une concentration d'équilibre aété atteinte après 72 h et les isothermes présentaient des caractéristiques de formation de couches multiples. La densité de surface la plus importante aété déterminée pour le chitosane mais le système contenant du carbone activé et du 1-butanol présentait une meilleure efficience en matière de retrait des HAPs. Les résultats indiquaient que l'adsorptionévaluée dans ce travail pourrait constituer uneétape potentielle du processus global de récupération des résidus d'huiles de lubrification.
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