Quantitative work in subaerial geomorphology has had the advantage of a natural compartment, the stream catchment basin, in which to operate. Although there are energy and sediment movements into and out of this compartment, there is little lateral movement across the divides and, within the compartment, movement is overwhelmingly downwards to well defined points of exit. For most purposes energy and sediment can be thought of as being transported in one direction along relatively well defined routes. In cold regions and in arid regions conditions become somewhat more complex, but along the coast the degree of complexity is vastly increased. Not only do the boundaries of the energy and sediment systems appear to be much less clearly defined, but the practical difficulties of tracing movements within the system become very great, mainly because of their multidirectional nature and their relative inaccessibility to observation. Figure 1 to show diagrammatically the potential nature of sediment transport within a coastal system. It should be remembered that except for those labelled marine and subtaerial erosion, the arrows represent net movements and there is no significance in the way in which the arrows for input and output littoral drift point from left to right rather than from right to left.
I have tried in
THE STOREI envisage that what I have called the store is essentially the maximum sweep zone: the zone extending from the outermost breakpoint into the outer edge of the dunes within which winds and waves redistribute sediment through time cycles of varying length. The store comprises the sand and pebbles which are, so to speak 'in play' at this present time, and to landward may be beach and dune systems laid down in earlier times and now more or less fixed by vegetation. Above a threshold amount of sediment the width and depth of any particular
Endoscopic plantar fasciotomy is a rewarding procedure for both patient and surgeon. A vast majority of the patients have complete or near-complete resolution of heel pain at 6 months postoperatively. The procedure, however, is not without side effects and complications. This retrospective statistical study describes the postoperative side effects and complications of endoscopic plantar fasciotomy from 1992 to 1994. The procedure has been modified in an attempt to reduce several of the more commonly reported side effects.
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