SummaryMeningioangiomatosis (MA) is a rare, benign neoplastic disorder involving the cortex and leptomeninges, the sporadic form, commonly presents as refractory localization-related epilepsy, but could be asymptomatic especially in older patients. The imaging features may be entirely non-specific. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) erroneously suggests meningioma, lowgrade tumour or vascular malformations.The pathological findings are characterised by proliferation of meningothelial cells and leptomeningeal vessels and calcifications within the mass. Macroscopically there is dense thickening in the underlying cortex, often in a sharply defined area.In this article we report 3 cases of MA, neither of whom had a familiary history or stigmata of Neurofibromatosis (NF). We discuss and place particular emphasis on the clinical presentation and diagnosis imaging, as well as on the outcome. We also review the literature concerning about the aetiology, pathology findings and imaging features of MA.KEY WORDS: Brain tumor. Histopathology. Meningioangiomatosis. Magnetic resonance imaging. Seizure. Meningioangiomatosis: características clínico-radioló-gicas y resultados quirúrgicos ResumenLa meningioangiomatosis (MA) es un proceso neoplásico benigno raro, que envuelve el córtex y leptomeninges, en su forma esporádica comúnmente se presenta con epilepsia refractaria, en relación a su localización, pero puede ser asintomática, especialmente en adultos mayores. Las características de imagen pueden ser totalmente inespecíficas. Las imágenes de resonancia magnética erróneamente sugieren la presencia de un meningioma, tumores de bajo grado, o malformaciones vasculares.Los hallazgos patológicos se caracterizan por la proliferación de células meningoteliales, vasos leptomeningeos y calcificaciones dentro del tumor. Macroscópicamente se observa un denso engrosamiento en el córtex adyacente, generalmente con un área claramente definida.En este articulo, se describen 3 casos de MA, ninguno de ellos presentaba historia familiar o estigmas de neurofibromatosis (NF). Nosotros realizamos la discusión, haciendo particular énfasis en la presentación clínica y diagnóstico por imágenes, así como en el pronóstico.
Background: Most current theories explaining theory of mind (ToM) rely on the concept of ‘representation’, as it is usually employed in cognitive science, and is thus affected by its epistemic shortcoming, namely its incapacity to use ‘sub-signifier’ level information. This shortcoming is responsible for the lack of specificity of ToM deficits, which are now found in very different syndromes, from schizophrenia to bipolar disorder or borderline personality disorder, in spite of its original formulation being restricted to childhood autism. Method: Representation, its shortcomings and the way they may affect clinical/research programs undergo a conceptual analysis, which shows how representational-founded semiology leave out information that is essential for symptom specificity and correct symptom assessment. Schizophrenic autism, delusional perception and axial syndromes are studied as examples of both the difficulties that have arisen and possible ways of dealing with them. Results: Transfers of properties between different meanings of ‘representation’ together with a systematic ambiguity in the use of ‘representation’ are proposed as the main ways for representational approaches to assure stability to their proposals in spite of the violence exerted on clinical phenomena. Conclusions: It is exposed how systematic ambiguity and epistemic shortcomings both affect Leslie’s formulation of ToM and, further, the importance of these characteristics of the concept of ‘representation’ for general issues in psychiatric semiology.
The Brunswick Peninsula is located in the southernmost tip of America, which contains numerous scenic, historical and eco-systemic attributes that position it regionally as an area of tourist interest. However, both planning and assessment by the local community for this area is deficient. In this work, sites of tourist interest will be inventoried; evaluate its potential; and finally develop a cartography of its spatial distribution. The results indicate that the attractions with the greatest potential are: Parque del Estrecho and Fundo san Fernando amusement park, due to having better infrastructure and having better land for the development of recreational activities. Regarding land resources, the best evaluations are given by Bahía El Indio, Nodales and San Nicolás, for their location and surface suitable for displacement. Finally, within the aquatic resources with the highest score, the San Juan River has stood out, since it has greater accessibility. The findings of this study constitute a fundamental territorial input for the development of tourism planning instruments by local actors in the face of the post-pandemic reactivation of tourism in the Magallanes region.
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