In this paper, we study interacting modified Chaplygin gas (MCG) which has shear and bulk viscosities. We consider sign-changeable interaction between MCG and matter, then investigate the effects of shear and bulk viscosities on the cosmological parameters such as energy, density, Hubble expansion parameter, scale factor and deceleration parameter.

This work discusses the synthesis and characterization of new copper Schiff‐base complex of 3,4‐diaminobenzophenone stabilized on magnetic MCM‐41 as a magnetically reusable catalyst. At first, Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized via a chemical co‐precipitation method using FeCl2.6H2O and FeCl3.6H2O in basic solution of ammonia. Then magnetic MCM‐41 were synthesized via Fe3O4‐doped into mesoporous channels of MCM‐41. Further a new copper Schiff‐base complex of 3,4‐diaminobenzophenone was supported on magnetic MCM‐41 and was used as a practical and magnetically reusable catalyst in organic reactions such as homoselective synthesis of tetrazole and pyranopyrazole derivatives. This catalyst was characterized by several techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), wavelength dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (WDX), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD), atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), Fourier transform‐infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), and vibrating sample magnetomter (VSM). This catalyst display good selectivity, high activity, stability and facile magnetic separation. Therefore, this catalyst can be recycled for several times without significant loss of its catalytic efficiency.

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In this paper we investigate the strong gravitational lansing in a charged squashed Kaluza-Klein Gödel black hole. The deflection angle is considered by the logarithmic term proposed by Bozza et al. Then we study the variation of deflection angle and its parametersā andb . We suppose that the supermassive black hole in the galaxy center can be considered by a charged squashed Kaluza-Klein black hole in a Gödel background and by relation between lensing parameters and observables, we estimate the observables for different values of charge, extra dimension and Gödel parameters.