The effect of a monochromatic electromagnetic Geld in the localization properties and tunneling rates of a two-level system is studied within a purely quantum framework. This generalizes a recent semiclassical analysis and provides analytical expressions which are valid for an arbitrary number of photons in the field, Some consequences and applications of the possibility of tunneling control in an electromagnetic cavity are discussed.
Background and Objectives:Despite advances in modern healthcare, Traditional Birth Attendants (TBA) have
continued to be heavily utilized in rural communities in Nigeria. Major disparities in
maternal health care in Nigeria remain present despite the goal of the United Nations
Millennium Development Goal to reduce maternal mortality by 2015. The objective of this
study is to review the contribution of TBAs in the birthing process in Nigeria, and to
examine barriers and opportunities for utilizing TBAs in improving maternal and child
health outcomes in Nigeria.Methods:A literature review of two major electronic databases was conducted using the PRISMA
framework to identify English language studies conducted between 2006 and 2016.
Inclusion criteria included articles that examined the role of traditional birth
attendants as a factor influencing maternal health in Nigeria.Results:The value of TBAs has not been fully examined as few studies have aimed to examine its
potential role in reducing maternal mortality with proper training. Eight manuscripts
that were examined highlighted the role of TBAs in maternal health including outcomes of
utilizing trained versus non-trained TBAs.Conclusion and Global Health Implications:Specific areas of training for TBAs that were identified and recommended in review
including: recognizing delivery complications, community support for TBA practices
through policy, evaluation of TBA training programs and increasing collaboration between
healthcare facilities and TBAs. Policies focused on improving access to health services
and importantly, formal health education training to TBAs, are required to improve
maternal health outcomes and underserved communities.
The conversion of ultracold atoms to molecules via a magnetic Feshbach resonance with a sinusoidal modulation of the field is studied. Different practical realizations of this method in Bose atomic gases are analyzed. Our model incorporates many-body effects through an effective reduction of the complete microscopic dynamics. Moreover, we simulate the experimental conditions corresponding to the preparation of the system as a thermal gas and as a condensate. Some of the experimental findings are clarified. The origin of the observed dependence of the production efficiency on the frequency, amplitude, and application time of the magnetic modulation is elucidated.Our results uncover also the role of the atomic density in the dynamics, specifically, in the observed saturation of the atom-molecule conversion process.
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