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For the last three decades, enormous manufacturing processes have been widely employed in the field of transportation (aviation, automobile and marine) as well as various industrial sectors. Among the invented techniques, conventional manufacturing plays a versatile and cost effective role, but additive manufacturing (AM) possesses a more significant advantage of handling complicated parts or complex geometrical structures. The conventional processes were used from ancient times until the development of other advanced techniques. In recent development of technology, AM technology has shown a tremendous change in the manufacturing field. The process of development in AM began with polymers, then to composites and advanced to nanocomposites, continuously. AM provides a waste-free production management system with enhanced processes. Therefore, this detailed and compendious review describes the different stainless steels fabricated through conventional and AM techniques. It is evident that AM proves better than other several conventional techniques, by three dimensional (3D) printing of quality and complex stainless steels components that are impossible to manufacture through other methods. Notwithstanding, there still need of much efforts to improve AM technique by reducing the manufacturing cost, supporting mass production and printing large stainless steel components.With an increase in invention of various efficient state-of-the-art engineering software, robots in manufacturing, artificial intelligence and smart manufacturing, the aforementioned drawbacks of AM technique/3D printing of various stainless steel structures will be soon eradicated.

This paper deals with the effect of moisture absorption on single coconut sheath fiber and single glass fibre. Additionally, the moisture effect in fibre reinforced unsaturated polyester composites like coconut sheath (CS) and Glass mat (GM) composite. Initially, CS and GM fibre reinforced polyester composite were produced through hand layup followed by compression moulding method. CS/UPR and GM/UPR composites were made through water treatment by dipping those composites in ordinary water for various time intervals at room temperature to study the water absorption effect. At different time periods, the absorption of water showed gradual increment. The effect of water gain in percentage for CS and GM was observed. From this experiment, it is concluded that the effect of water gain in CS/UPR composite is higher than GM/UPR composite.

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