The in vitro extract-viscosity and the content of non-starch-polysaccharides were investigated in 34 defined wheat varieties grown at 5 locations each. Both, wheat genotype as well as growing location clearly influenced the viscosity of soluble extract from wheat. Furthermore, the content of non-starch-polysaccharides (soluble/total) and pentosans (soluble/total) were determined in 13 wheat varieties each grown at two locations. Soluble pentosan contents were highly positively correlated with extract viscosity of wheat at the locations Hayn (r = 0.86) and Biendorf (r = 0.90). The classical apparent metabolisable energy of 5 wheat samples having different extract viscosities was assessed. The AMEN values ranged from 14.0 to 14.6 MJ/kg DM and were significant negatively correlated to content of soluble arabinoxylans (r = 0.67) and to the extract viscosity (r = 0.83). Furthermore, the viscosity of jejunal (4.0 to 22.8 mPas) and ileal (13.1 to 78.0 mPas) digesta exhibited a clear relationship with soluble pentosan contents and extract viscosity. Under the conditions applied in this study the technique of extract viscosity measurement can predict the AME.
Es werden z neue SchnellaufschluBverfahren (250 mg bzw. 500 mg Probenmaterial; Wasserstoffperoxid, Selen und Schwefelsaure als AufschluDmittel) beschrieben, die wesentlich schneller, aber mit gleichen Ergebnissen durchfiihrbar sind wie der in der TGL enthaltene konventionelle KJELDAHL-AUfSChlUD.Die Ermittlung des Rohproteingehaltes in Nahrungs-und Futtermitteln erfolgt auch in der DDR iiberwiegend nach dem K JELDAHL-Verfahren. Eine umfangreiche Analyse in den Futtermittellaboratorien der Bezirke und den TKO-Laboratorien der Kraftfuttermischwerke hat gezeigt, daB sich diese Bestimmung auch unter Praxisbedingungen richtig und reproduzierbar durchfiihren la&. Voraussetzung dafiir ist, daB nach den verbindlichen Standards TGL 21875105 und 23 gearbeitet wird. Unzureichend hinsichtlich der zu stellenden Anforderungen ist jedoch die Produktivitat und Schnelligkeit sowohl der Makro-wie auch der Halbmikroverfahren, die zudem erhebliche Investitionen erfordern. Die Analyse hat weiter gezeigt, daB eine Rationalisierung dieser Bestimmung bei einer Verbesserung des K JELDAHL-Aufschlusses anfangen sollte. Dieser ist bisher zu aufwendig ; er erfordert bei hoherem Probenanfall erheblichen Raum und Platzbedarf und dauert mit durchschnittlich iiber go min zu lange.
MethodeUnsere methodischen Untersuchungen zur Verbesserung des AufschluDverfahrens haben zu folgenden 2 Arbeitsvorschriften gefuhrt.
The o-cresol procedure which is used for determining nitrate in feeds is tested for precision. The treatment of the samples and the course of analysis are rationalized. The method is recommended as a standard procedure for biological materials; it is suited as a reference technique in elaborating new analytical procedures.
On the basis of the method described in the standard TGL 21875/07--method II in GDR--and proved effective in practise, a rationalised method of the determination of crude fibres has been worked out. This method is described in detail; it makes greater than 60 individual determinations of crude fibre per worker and day possible. In contrast to the conventional determination of crude fibres (standard 21875/07--method I) this method is more efficient and its degree of standardisation is considerably higher. The results achieved on the basis of the conventional method of the determination of crude fibres (standard TGL 21875/07--method I Lepper-method) and the suggested method of determination with various feedstuff samples at the Zentralstelle für Futtermittelprüfung und Fütterung (Central Institution for Feedstuff Investigation and Feeding) Halle-Lettin and Department of Animal Nutrition of the Forschungszentrum für Tierproduktion (Research Centre for Animal Production) Dummerstorf-Rostock show that there are no statistically significant differences between the crude fibre values ascertained according to the two methods. Method II of the standard TGL 21875/07 should be replaced by the suggested method of determination because this method directly registers the crude fibre content.
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