Decreased lung function with exacerbation, and progressive decline of FEV(1) were observed in patients with TB-destroyed lung.

Age, parity and menopause are possible risk factors of POP and associated with the lengths of GH and PB in POP women. Further, these risk factors and HRT are significantly correlated with the severity of the disease.

Aim-To investigate the effects of cryogenic treatment on nickel-titanium endodontic instruments. The null hypothesis was that cryogenic treatment would result in no changes in composition, microhardness or cutting efficiency of nickel-titanium instruments.Methodology-Microhardness was measured on 30 nickel-titanium K-files (ISO size 25) using a Vicker's indenter. Elemental composition was measured on two instruments using X-ray spectroscopy. A nickel-titanium bulk specimen was analysed for crystalline phase composition using X-ray diffraction. Half of the specimens to be used for each analysis were subjected to a cryogenic treatment in liquid nitrogen (−196 °C) for either 3 s (microhardness specimens) or 10 min (other specimens). Cutting efficiency was assessed by recording operator choice using 80 nickel-titanium rotary instruments (ProFile ® 20, .06) half of which had been cryogenically treated and had been distributed amongst 14 clinicians. After conditioning by preparing four corresponding canals, each pair of instruments were evaluated for cutting efficiency by a clinician during preparation of one canal system in vitro. A Student's t-test was used to analyse the microhardness data, and a binomial test was used to analyse the observer choice data. Composition data were analysed qualitatively.Results-Cryogenically treated specimens had a significantly higher microhardness than the controls (P < 0.001; β > 0.999). Observers showed a preference for cryogenically treated instruments (61%), but this was not significant (P = 0.21). Both treated and control specimens were composed of 56% Ni, 44% Ti, 0% N (by weight) with a majority in the austenite phase.Conclusions-Cryogenic treatment resulted in increased microhardness, but this increase was not detected clinically. There was no measurable change in elemental or crystalline phase composition.

Freeze-thawing studies at different concentrations, using an actomyosin solution (extracted from Alaska pollock), revealed that an 8% (w/v) solution of oligosaccharides mixture (HBOS) was most effective in cryoprotection. During frozen storage (-18°C), HBOS showed cryoprotective effects similar to sucrose and a sucrose+sorbitol mixture (1:1). Surimi gel prepared with HBOS showed higher hardness and more dense microstructure than others, although water holding capacity was slightly lower than the gel with sucrose+sorbitol. HBOS containing gel showed lower whiteness than sucrose but no difference with sucrose+sorbitol. HBOS appeared to have good potential as a non-sweet cryoprotectant of fish protein.

HLA-G and IL-10 might play an important role in cancer progression of the cervix. High HLA-G mRNA expression may be related to early carcinogenesis since it was associated with early-stage cervical cancer.