Objectives: Medical education fellowships provide training in teaching, assessment, educational program administration, and scholarship. The longitudinal impact of this training is unknown. The objective of this study was to explore the impact of medical education fellowships on the careers of graduates. Methods:The authors performed a qualitative study with a constructivistinterpretivist paradigm using semistructured interviews in 2021. The authors used a purposeful randomized stratified sampling strategy of graduates to ensure diversity of representation (gender, region, fellowship duration, and career stage). Two researchers independently analyzed interview transcriptions using a modified grounded theory approach. Results:The authors interviewed 10 graduates and identified three overarching concepts: motivations for pursuing fellowship, benefits of training, and drivers of career development. Graduates sought training because of their desire for growth and career preparation and at the advice of mentors. Fellowships provided knowledge and skills in a structured learning environment, supported by mentors and a collaborative community. Fellowship training shaped the careers of graduates by increasing their self-efficacy, enhancing their outcome expectations, refining their goals, and influencing their professional identity formation. They acquired expertise that prepared them for jobs, developed credibility, felt competitive in the job market, anticipated successful promotion, reached for greater goals, broadened their educational worldview, and evolved their professional identity as a result of fellowship training. Conclusions: Fellowship training in medical education provides knowledge and skills, a structured learning environment, and important relationships that shape the careers of graduates by impacting their self-efficacy, outcome expectations, goal creation, and professional identity formation. INTRODUC TI ON The availability of formal postgraduate training in medical education grew significantly over the past few decades, resulting in the creation of more than 40 medical education fellowships in the field of emergency medicine (EM) alone. 1,2 Medical education fellowships offer many advantages, including professional development, protected time, dedicated mentorship, and continued clinical practice, all of which are important to early career success in academic medicine. 3-5 However, the impact fellowships have on graduates' careers is unclear. Prior research attempted to assess the outcomes of medical education fellowships in a number of ways, including studies of the curricular structure of these fellowships and cataloging the publications and other academic achievements of fellowship graduates and by soliciting the opinions of academic chairs. 2,4-10 Missing from this research are the perspectives of fellowship graduates on their own careers. They can also provide important insights to residents considering such training, inform departmental leaders contemplating a greater investment in medical educa...