Introduction: Renal solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) are spindle cell neoplasms of mesenchymal origin, and very rare with only 46 cases reported worldwide to date. It is crucial to differentiate this tumor from other tumors of the kidney, so as to avoid unnecessary treatment. Therefore, our objective was to review reports of renal SFTs, their clinical presentations, imaging methods, and surgical management, updated to 2013. Material and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed articles published in the USA, Europe, and Asia from 1996 to date using PubMed, Medscape, Medline, and several major journals. We report on areas of controversy and well-established guidelines. Results: We reviewed 58 articles which confirmed, with a high level of evidence-based medicine, that the male-to-female ratio is equal and their most common presentation is an incidental finding on a radiological study, in which it is difficult to differentiate them from renal cell carcinoma. Nephrectomy is the gold standard treatment, with almost no recurrence. Conclusions: In symptomatic patients, complete surgical resection of renal SFTs may provide a very good outcome, with almost no recurrence.

A common health-care problem worldwide, urinary tract infection (UTI), represents a disease of significant impact on every country's economy, being the most common cause of hospitalization among elderly people and the most common cause of antibiotic prescription in primary care. Diagnosing and managing upper and lower UTI have always been a challenge to physicians, given its high prevalence, risk of recurrence and improper treatment, and the fact of worldwide increase in antibiotic resistance, necessitating implementation of a proper antibiotic stewardship. Urinary infections are twice more likely to occur in females compared to males and its prevalence increases with increasing age. The following is a comprehensive review paper about UTI in females, discussing the various factors leading to a complicated infection. The various etiologies and microbiologies of UTI are also highlighted. In addition to various usual antibiotic regimens for treating UTI, a significant number of nonantimicrobial treatment modalities are highlighted and described in this manuscript, including the novel use of intravesical antibiotics and vaccines for suppression treatment. Finally, a pathway is suggested for the proper diagnosis and treatment that ensures antibiotic stewardship in order to decrease long-term complications.

Applications of conjugated organic compounds in the field of electronics and optoelectronics and of pyrene derivatives as fluorescent probes are well established. The synthesis of the novel pyrene-based 2,11-di-tert-butyl-6,7,15,16-tetrakis(alkoxy/alkythio)quinoxaline[2',3':9,10]phenanthro[4,5-abc]phenazine, TQPP-[t-Bu](2)-[XR](4) (X = O, S; R = C(n)H(2n+1)), is reported along with an in-depth spectroscopic characterization and evaluation of their photophysical properties. Despite their larger core size, the reported TQPP materials showed similar fluorescence behavior to that of pyrene itself, with no significant shift in their fluorescence peak. The fluorescence spectra showed peaks corresponding to the monomer and to the excimer. Even though these TQPP compounds showed poor solubility in various solvents, their solvatochromism could be investigated in different solvents ranging from polar solvents such as methanol to nonpolar solvents such as cyclohexane; Stokes shifts, fluorescence lifetimes, fluorescence quantum yields, as well as radiative and nonradiative rate constants are determined for four of these TQPP materials in various solvents. Quantum yields were found to be low for these TQPP compounds in solvents such as tetrahydrofuran (THF), whereas they were relatively higher in cyclohexane and dioxane. Monomer to excimer intensity ratio versus gross solvent scale (E(T)30) and orientation polarizabilty (Delta f) were correlated. Although TQPP-[t-Bu](2)-[XR](4) displayed similar fluorescent emission and excitation behavior as that of pyrene, a relatively smaller lifetime was observed for these compounds compared to that of pyrene.

Diverticula of the duodenum proceed those of the colon in respect to frequency of location. Incidence at times of autopsy ranges from 15 to 23%. Despite the fact that more than 90% of duodenal diverticulum cases are asymptomatic, complications if they do occur can be calamitous. Perforation is one of these rare complications. Surgical intervention has always been the mainstay for symptomatic/complicated duodenal diverticula, but with the advancement of imaging, medical treatment, and proper intensive observation, conservative treatment came forth. We hereby present two cases of duodenal diverticula, complicated by perforation and fistulization into the retroperitoneal cavity, both treated conservatively by Taylor's approach of upper gastrointestinal tract perforation. Review of other cases of duodenal diverticulum perforation has also been presented.