Reactive oxygen species (ROS), when in excess, cause damage to biomolecules (DNA, lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins), which are related to several pathologies. There is a growing study of substances that act to inhibit or reduce the action of these ROS. Chalcones are aromatic ketones with a naturally occurring and easily synthesized α,β-unsaturated system. In this work, we investigated the in vitro protective action of a new class of chalcones functionalized by the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay. The most promising molecule (Chalcone E) was submitted to the DPPH radical scavenging assay, and the MTT cell viability test evaluated its cytotoxicity. In addition, Chalcone E reduced lipid peroxidation, with maximum inhibition values of 73.05% for the brain, 81.42% for the liver, and 87.23% for the kidney, demonstrating a potential antioxidant effect. Still, the DPPH test did not observe this effect, suggesting further investigation of this molecule.

Açai fruit cultivated in the middle of the Solimões river is responsible for a large proportion of the farm economy in the Amazon region. However, less was described in the production chain, extraction, and market involving these species in Amazon. This study aims to show data on the extractivist and production chain system of the Amazonian açai, Euterpe precatoria, and Euterpe oleracea sold in the countryside of the Middle Solimões (Coari, Codajás, Tefé, and Alvarães). Therefore, a cross-sectional study with qualitative and quantitative approach has been executed using. Questionnaires and non-formal interviews with açai producers and traders. The results show that açai marketing is responsible for the main source of income for families in rural and riverside areas. The price depends on seasonality (the season of the river flood and drought) and productivity. E. precatoria stands out from E. oleracea due to sensory characteristics and yield. The importance of the production and trade of açai for the local development and economy and the need for public government subsidies for the production chain and creation of agricultural cooperatives and farmers organizations.