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This study aimed to develop a new type of drug delivery system (DDS) for treatment of dry eye.Methods: A new lens-type biodegradable DDS was manufactured using GelMA, antibiotics, and conjunctival epithelial cells as bio-inks in a Bio X 3D BIOPRINTER (Cell link corporation, Phoenix, USA). GelMA was used as a base, and the conditions were analyzed to maintain the overall shape by using a mixture of 0.1%, 0.15%, and 0.3% hyaluronic acid. In addition, an experiment was conducted to measure the appropriate concentration by evaluating its cytotoxicity according to the concentration of antibiotics mixed therein to prevent infection. The degree of degradation according to the storage temperature and post-processing of the new lens-type biodegradable DDS was measured.Results: Optimal conditions were maintained when using a nozzle pressure of 80 kPa and speed of 4 mm/s, nozzle pressure of 50 kPa and speed of 3 mm/s, nozzle pressure of 60 kPa and speed of 8 mm/s for 0.1%, 0.15%, and 0.3% hyaluronic acid concentrations, respectively. Degradation did not occur at 4℃ and all the lenses were degraded at 37℃ within 24 hours. In addition, the degradation rate was delayed according to the UV crosslink treatment time. Tobramycin 1% was used as an antibiotic during manufacture. Conclusions:A new lens-type biodegradable DDS that can control the degree of degradation was designed using a 3D bioprinter. This DDS will contribute to ease of treatment, protection of the cornea, and regeneration of the epithelium in patients with dry eye.

Purpose: To report a case of keratitis caused by Brevundimonas diminuta/vesicularis.Case summary: A 20-year-old man presented with decreased visual acuity and glare in his right eye from 2 days earlier. At the first visit, slit lamp examination revealed a 1.5 × 1.5 mm2-sized stromal infiltration, an edematous cornea and endothelial deposits in the center of the right eye. Microbiological examinations were performed from corneal scrapings. Treatment was started with topical eye drops (fortified cefazolin, fortified tobramycin) as empirical antibiotics. After several days, the cultures revealed Brevundimonas diminuta/vesicularis. After treatment with empirical antibiotic eye drops, the symptoms and visual acuity improved.Conclusions: We report a case of infectious keratitis caused by Brevundimonas diminuta/vesicularis, which has never previously been reported in the Republic of Korea.