Maximal AAA diameter measured with CT is significantly and consistently larger than maximal AAA diameter measured with US. The clinical significance of this difference and its cause remains a subject for further investigation.

CDU is a superior noninvasive method of determining the presence of vasculitis when compared with routine surgical biopsy. Examination of the temporal artery with CDU can effectively predict which patient will need surgical biopsy. The utility of CDU in the diagnosis of TA is maintained by a high sensitivity in detecting patients with the disease and also by a high NPV that can eliminate patients who would not benefit from biopsy.

Pulmonary dirofilaria infection is a rare condition in Australasia. We describe a case with radiographic findings concerning for pulmonary malignancy, with the unexpected pathological diagnosis of dirofilarial infection.

A 19‐year‐old male who regularly smoked tobacco shisha pipes presented with pleuritic chest pain, dyspnoea, and cough. He was found to have multiple bilateral lung nodules on computed tomography. A biopsy of the lung revealed necrotizing granulomatous inflammation but without evidence of infection, foreign body, vasculitis, or malignancy. There was spontaneous and complete clinical and radiographic resolution over the next 12 weeks following cessation of shisha use.

A 41-year-old man with no previous asbestos exposure presented with 6 months of dull right lower chest pain and weight loss. The initial computed tomography (CT) scan was reported as showing a soft tissue thickening in the posterior mediastinum with non-specific nodules in the horizontal and oblique fissures. An endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration from the 12 × 25 mm heterogeneous posterior mediastinal mass was suspicious for a ganglioneuroma. The procedure was complicated by a large hemothorax requiring drainage. A subsequent positron emission tomographic CT revealed a moderately fluorodeoxyglucose avid area of pleural thickening extending from the sixth to ninth thoracic vertebral body in the paraspinal region along with nodules along the right horizontal and oblique fissures. A thoracoscopic biopsy of the pleural lesion confirmed a pleural epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. There was a 5-mm reduction in tumor thickness and improvement in his pain following 54 Gy of radiotherapy.