A 5-year-old girl had a "flu-like" syndrome followed five days later by clinical and pathologic evidence of myositis localized to both calves. Serum complement fixation titers were compatible with influenza A viral infection. The illness improved spontaneously within a week. Possible pathogenic mechanisms of postinfluenzal myositis and its clinical differences from idiopathic polymyositis are discussed. (29:441-443, 1973)
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