Se analiza la incidencia de un conjunto de variables relacionales y del entorno social construido que actúan como factores de riesgo en procesos de desadaptación social de adolescentes en un barrio de Temuco, Chile. Como técnicas para la producción de datos, se emplearon: la observación participante, las entrevistas focalizadas, el análisis documental, los talleres de discusión grupal y el análisis estructural de redes. En un análisis en progreso de los datos, bajo la lógica de construcción de teoría desde la base, se caracteriza la dinámica barrial en cinco dimensiones: convivencia comunitaria, acción institucional en la comunidad, norma comunitaria, abordaje familiar del comportamiento infantil y adolescente y apropiación del espacio público. Se propone que estas dimensiones en el polo negativo actuarían como variables criminógenas en el espacio comunitario.
Dating violence is alarmingly prevalent, highlighting the need to implement efficient pre-vention strategies. The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the effects of the multi-component SPARX program. Results showed that school staff reported greater self-efficacy in answering questions regarding positive relationships and dating violence as well as know-ing how to react when a student confides a situation of dating violence. Parents and caregivers perceived a significant increase in their abilities to discuss positive romantic relationships with their teen, in recognizing the signs that their teen might be experiencing difficulties in their re-lationship and in guiding them towards help resources. Qualitative data revealed that youth appreciated the activities of the SPARX program.
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