With regard to the complex spatial and physical structure of situations, social-economic activities, development of social and economic job division, and increasingly cultural and recreational and social needs of citizens, city life needs services. With regard to the important role of services in the urban system, it is important to consider services efforts in the urban planning process. Also distribution of services centers and how to access them is very important. This is why that the present study was aimed to study the spatial distribution of urban services at urban neighborhood level in the city of Piranshahr in order to actualize the social justice. This study is a descriptive-analytical research. In order to collect the research data, library, field study, statistical yearbook, and city comprehensive plan have been used. Also analytical hierarchy process (AHP) has been used for scoring the research criteria and the TOPSIS has been used for ranking the urban neighborhoods. On the other hand, Geographic Information System (GIS) has been used for drawing maps and analyzing the spatial distribution of urban services. The results of this study revealed that a large part of the urban services are located in the central and northeast area and the some of them is located in the west and southwest area of Piranshahr city.

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The aim of this paper is to analyze the hierarchical network of urban areas of West Azarbaijan for examining the rate of balance in variance and spatial distribution of population of urban areas in the province of West Azarbaijan. The methodology in use is a pragmatic-developing one. The quantitative models, such as bulk modulus, urban centralization index, anthropy model and gini coefficient index, are used in order to analyze the urban hierarchy of West Azarbaijan. Findings of this study shows that Urban centralization index in all the studied periods was higher that one. Population bulk modulus of all cities of the province in the years of 1956, 1966 and 1976 had augmented but in the years of 1986, 1996 and 2006 has reduced. Anthropy index in all the studied periods was less than one, which shows the unbalance in population in urban areas of the province. Calculation of spatial coefficient LQ shows that small cities of the province are exporter of services and their basic economy is based of services sector. The communicative network of the province, specially the roads, is in a condition that economically targets the capital of the province and like a radius ends to Urumieh. The final conclusion of this research is that the unbalance in variance and the spatial distribution of population in urban areas of the province is the characteristic of network of urban hierarchy of the province of West Azarbaijan; in a manner that transactions between the cities of the province are also affected by the political-administrative structure of the country as well.

Electronic cities result from the implication of information and communication technology (ICT) in the contemporary era. Significant ICT development and internet network expansion as well as the need of urban management to new ideas in managing cities lead us toward a new strategy called "electronic cities". The current study aims at investigating the strategic planning of Iranian electronic cities, case study of the metropolitan uremia, Iran. Research method is documentary and survey. Research Statistical population consists of all experts located in Uremia, selected through Morgan Table. To collect data, Likert spectrum is employed. Findings indicate that the most important challenges in the way of establishing an electronic city include the lack of strategic document for urban development, high number of decision-making centers and administrative extra parallel works among them, the inclination of the urban managers toward traditional methods, low-speed, high-cost internet connection, the lack of infrastructures for ICT, the lack of digital literacy among citizens and so on. ISSN 2164-7682 2015 www.macrothink.org/emsd 124 According to the findings, some strategies have been recommended, which they need the serious care of urban managers and planners in the metropolitan Uremia. -This paper has been extracted from PhD dissertation Environmental Management and Sustainable Development

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