Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are assessments of health status from the patient' s perspective. The systematic and routine collection and use of PROMs in healthcare settings adds value in several ways, including quality improvement and service evaluation. We address the issue of instrument selection for use in primary and/or community settings. Specifically, from the large number of available PROMs, which instrument delivers the highest level of performance and validity? For selected generic PROMs, we reviewed literature on psychometric properties and other instrument features (e.g., health domains captured). Briefly we summarize key strengths of the three PROMs that received the most favourable psychometric and overall evaluation. The Short-Form 36 has a number of strengths, chiefly, its strong psychometric properties such as responsiveness. The PROMIS/Global Health Scale scored highly on most criteria and warrants serious consideration, especially as it is free to use. The EQ-5D scored satisfactorily on many criteria and, beneficially, it has a low response burden.
RésuméLes PROM (patient-reported outcome measures) sont des méthodes d' évaluation de l' état de santé du point de vue du patient. Le recours systématique et routinier aux PROM dans les établissements de santé apporte une valeur ajoutée de diverses façons, notamment en ce qui a trait à l' amélioration de la qualité et à l' évaluation des services. Nous nous penchons sur la question du choix d'instrument à utiliser dans les établissements de soins primaires et/ou de soins communautaires. Plus précisément, quel instrument parmi le vaste nombre de PROM disponibles obtient le meilleur rendement et offre la plus grande validité? Nous avons évalué la littérature sur les propriétés psychométriques et autres caractéristiques (par exemple, les domaines de santé saisis) de certains PROM génériques. Nous avons fait un bref sommaire des forces clés des trois PROM qui ont obtenu la meilleure évaluation psychométrique et générale. Le formulaire Short-Form 36 présente plusieurs points forts, notamment ses solides propriétés psychométriques telles que la réactivité. Le PROMIS/Global Health Scale a obtenu un score élevé pour la plupart des critères et mérite une attention particulière, particulière-ment en raison de sa gratuité. L'EQ-5D a obtenu un score satisfaisant pour plusieurs critères et présente un faible fardeau de réponse, ce qui est un avantage.
A digital–analog integrator has been developed for use with inductive magnetic sensors in long-pulse tokamaks. Continuous compensation of input offsets is accomplished by alternating analog-to-digital convertor samples from the sensor and a dummy load, while a RC network provides passive integration between samples. Typically a sampling rate of 10 kHz is used. In operational tests on the DIII-D tokamak, digital and analog integration of tokamak data show good agreement. The output drift error during a 1200 s integration interval corresponds to a few percent of the anticipated signal for poloidal field probes in International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, and bench tests suggest that the error can be reduced further.
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