Reproduction was investigated in the paddle crab (Ovalipes catharus) in Blueskin Bay, Otago, from March 1984 to April 1985. From oocyte size-frequency analysis it appeared that one clutch of oocytes was developed and spawned completely. No evidence of multiple spawning using sperm from a single copulation was found. Seasonal ovarian development and the presence of ovigerous females showed that spawning occurred from September to February inclusive. However, few ovigerous females were caught during sampling. No spermatogenic cycles were observed in males and they appeared to be able to copulate at any time. Size at first sexual maturity was estimated on the basis of gonadal condition and relative growth to occur at a carapace width of 55-65 mm. O. catharus from Wellington and Canterbury were estimated to mature at a smaller size than those in Blueskin Bay. This difference may be caused by decreasing water temperature associated with increasing latitude.

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