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The prevalence of nerve changes seen with monitoring of SSEPs and tcMEPs is greater than what is clinically identified. The maximum traction weight, not the total traction time, is the greatest risk factor for sciatic nerve dysfunction during hip arthroscopy. This study did not identify a discrete threshold of traction weight or traction time that increased the odds of nerve dysfunction.

The role of a supportive wrap for the prevention of ankle injuries is still a matter of debate. Some physicians believe that it is useless and might even increase the incidence of injuries to the knee joint. z Likewise, the treatment of the sprained ankle is controversial, ranging from nonoperative to operative methods. We report here trials which attempt to place on a sound basis the use of a supportive wrap for prevention and early mobilization for treatment of ankle injuries. METHODFrom 1969 to 1974 (six seasons) inversion stress x-rays were taken of 396 ankles in 198 intercollegiate football players before they played. The degree of talar tilt was measured by the method of Rubin and Wittin3 and arbitrarily divided into two groups-significant talar tilt (over 5°) and insignificant talar tilt (under 5°) (Fig. 1). Each ankle injury was then evaluated in relation to the amount of talar tilt.Berridge and Bonnin4 reported that 4 to 5 percent of the ankles that they studied had a significant talar tilt, even without a history of injury. They, along with otherS,3, 5, 6 suggested that if the talar tilt is greater than 5°, it can be classified as significant. These authors also showed that some of the ankles without a history of injury showed a talar tilt as high as 25°.The effect of tape and a cloth wrap on supporting of the ankle mortise in six ankles with a significant talar tilt was studied. Vigorous exercise was performed and periodically inversion stress x-rays were taken. The length of time that it took for the prestrapped talar tilt to recur was recorded.The muscle function of the lower leg with the ankle wrapped with either a cloth wrap or tape was studied by simultaneous electromyography and stop-action movies (Fig. 2). The muscle function using an outer sole wedge was also evaluated. Six subjects were tested: four with a significant talar tilt and two with an insignificant tilt. The individuals first ran without tape, a cloth wrap, or a shoe wedge, and then with one of these modalities. Multiple preliminary testing revealed that the three most important muscles involved were the peroneus brevis, the peroneus longus, and tibialus posterior. The