ResumoO trabalho tem como objetivo revisar trabalhos que avaliam as características agronômicas do capim elefante (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum) originário do continente africano, apresenta diversas maneiras de utilização, como feno, pastejo, silagem e capineira. Além do destaque pela produção de matéria seca por unidade de área, apresenta-se disseminado em diversos territórios brasileiros, sendo possível observar a produção da cultura, por resistir a condições climáticas adversas, porém com média exigência de fertilidade do solo. Quando bem manejado pode apresentar média de produção de fitomassa fresca de 300 Mg ha -1 sendo mais comum encontrar médias entre 20-35 Mg ha -1 . O método de plantio é por mudas, podendo ser feita em sulcos ou através de covas. Por apresentar crescimento cespitoso apresenta rápida elevação do meristema apical, ficando susceptível ao corte durante o pastejo, sendo um dos maiores insucessos da cultura. O capim elefante de forma geral apresenta altos teores de fibra na sua composição, tanto para fibra em detergente neutro como para fibra em detergente ácido, sendo 72,3% e 46,5% respectivamente em média, percebe-se que FDN e FDA aumentam com o avanço da idade, papel inverso ocorre com a quantidade de proteína bruta da forrageira, que diminui com o avanço da idade de rebrota.Palavras chaves: épocas de colheita, proteína bruta, estrutura física da forragem, teores de matéria seca Production and composition of chemical elephant grass cv. pioneer in differentheights of waste -literature review AbstractThe work aims to review studies evaluating the agronomic characteristics of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum) originating in Africa, it has several ways to use as hay, grazing, silage and capineira. Besides the attention for the production of dry matter per unit area is presented disseminated in several Brazilian territory, being possible to observe the production of culture, for resisting adverse weather conditions, but with average soil fertility requirement. When well managed can present fresh weight average production of 300 Mg ha -1 is more common to find averages between 20-35 Mg ha -1 . The planting method is by cuttings and can be done in grooves or through holes. By presenting cespitose growing has rapid rise of the apical meristem, getting cleavable during grazing, one of the biggest failures of culture. The elephant grass generally has high fiber content in its composition, both neutral detergent fiber as to acid detergent fiber, 72.3% and Applied Research & Agrotechnology v8 n3 sep/dec. (2015)104 Print-ISSN 1983-6325 (On line) e-ISSN 1984-754846.5% respectively on average, one realizes that NDF and ADF increase with advancing age, inverse role is with the amount of crude protein of fodder, which decreases with increasing age of regrowth.Key words: crude protein, dry matter content, harvest season and physical structure of forage Figueira et al. (2015) Producción y composición química del pasto Elefante cv. Pionero en diferentes alturas de residuos -revisión de literatura...

Introduction. The prevalence of dental diseases in India is increasing. Antibiotic resistance exhibited by microbes has paved way for alternative therapy such as phytotherapy. Pomegranate (Punica granatum Linn) has been used as an alternative therapy in the treatment of many infections. The aim of this study was to assess polyphenol content and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of different parts of pomegranate against oral bacteria. Materials and Methods. Methanolic and aqueous extracts of seed, pith, rind and crude extract of pomegranate were prepared. Total polyphenol content was estimated by Folin-Ciocalciteu reagent using gallic acid as standard. MIC was assessed for four bacterial species and one fungal species. Results. Methanolic and aqueous extract of pomegranate pith showed high polyphenol content (805.6 g/meq of gallic acid) compared to other pomegranate part extracts. Methanolic and ethanolic seed extracts were effective against Staphylococcus aureus, crude extract of pomegranate was effective against Staphylococcus epidermis whereas methanolic and ethanolic rind extracts of pomegranate were effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. Conclusion. All parts of pomegranate contain high polyphenol content and have antibacterial and antifungal activity. Pomegranate can be potential substitute for synthetic antibiotics against oral microorganisms.

O estudo teve como propósito contribuir para o estabelecimento de parâmetros para análise da qualidade fisiológica de sementes de alfavaca-cravo (Ocimum gratissimum L.), uma vez que a referida espécie não se encontra entre as descritas nas Regras para Análise de Sementes. Foram utilizadas sementes de alfavaca-cravo, colhidas no Campus da UENP-CLM, Bandeirantes-PR, submetidas a análises de teor de água, germinação, envelhecimento acelerado com água e solução salina, tetrazólio e emergência de plântulas. A temperatura de 30 ºC para o teste de germinação e o substrato areia para o teste de emergência de plântulas são condições e procedimentos apropriados para avaliação da qualidade fisiológica de sementes de O. gratissimum. O teste de envelhecimento, independente do tipo de solução utilizada, apresenta correlação com o teste de emergência de plântulas em solo. O baixo potencial germinativo e viabilidade das sementes de O. gratissimum ocorrem em função da deterioração e ausência dos tecidos internos.

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To compare the antimicrobial efficacy of Bioactive glass, combination of 1% Chlorhexidine gluconate gel and Calcium hydroxide powder and 1% Chlorhexidine gluconate gel as intracanal medicament in primary molars. Settings and Design: In vivo study designMethods and Material: The present study was conducted in the Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru. This study included 48 subjects within the age group ranging from 4-11 years who were indicated for multi visit Pulpectomy. These subjects were randomly divided into three experimental groups, containing sixteen samples per group. Group 1: Bioactive glass; Group 2:1% Chlorhexidine gel and Calcium hydroxide powder; Group 3:1% Chlorhexidine gel. Under rubber dam isolation, following lesion sterilization S0 sample was obtained. Following access opening and working length, sample S1 was obtained and the respective medicament was placed inside the canals after cleaning and shaping and a double seal was done with ZOE and GIC. Patient was recalled after a period of 5 to 7 days and the medicaments were flushed under isolation and sample S2 was obtained. Pulpectomy procedure was then completed. S0, S1, S2 samples were subjected to microbiological analysis and the total bacterial count in CFU/ml was calculated. Statistical analysis used: Kruskal Wallis Test and One-way ANOVA. Results: The mean percentage of reduction of bacterial count from S1-S2 (Before and after placement of medicament) with Group 1: Bioactive glass was 75.7%, with Group 2:1% Chlorhexidine gluconate and calcium hydroxide was 52% and Group 3:1% Chlorhexidine gluconate was 28.6%, revealing that bioactive glass has the superior antibacterial efficacy when compared with other groups. Antibacterial efficacy of bioactive glass was significant in both primary maxillary and mandibular first molar and second molar proving it to work best for all types of root anatomy in mixed dentition population. Superior clinical and microbiological results were found when bioactive glass was used as intracanal medicament in both intraoral and extra oral abscess cases in primary molars.