A new magnetic nanocatalyst based on the immobilization of tungstic acid onto 3-chloropropyl-grafted TiO 2 -coated Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (Fe 3 O 4 @TiO 2 @(CH 2 ) 3 OWO 3 H) was prepared, characterized, and applied for the synthesis of pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives. The characterization was performed using FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive Xray spectroscopy (EDS), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) analysis. Pyranopyrazoles were synthesized in the presence of this novel catalyst via a three-component reaction of 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one, malononitrile, and aromatic aldehydes with high yields. It is a low cost, nontoxic and thermally stable catalyst, which shows a long life and can be reused for several catalytic cycles without deactivation or selectivity loss.

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The NZVI has been synthesized and immobilized on the ostrich bone waste with high chemical stability to uptake P ions from (Persian Gulf) water. XRD results confirmed the presence of Fe3(PO4)2·8H2O on the B-HNO3-NZVI-P.