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The aim of this study was to reveal whether accumulation of the persistent organic pollutants (POPs), especially polychlorinated biphenyl (2,2 0 ,4,4 0 ,5,5 0 -hexachlorobiphenyl, PCB 153), affects plasma levels of adiponectin in obese patients. The study was designed as a longitudinal intervention trial with a control group, where 27 obese women (body mass index (BMI)430 kg/m 2 ; age 21-74 years) were studied before (OB) and after (OB-LCD) a 3-month low-calorie-diet intervention (LCD; 5 MJ daily). As the control group, 9 female volunteers without LCD intervention were used (C; BMI ¼ 19-25 kg/m 2 ; age 21-64 years). Plasma levels of PCB 153 were measured by high-resolution gas chromatography with electron capture detection; total adiponectin and insulin plasma levels were quantified by immunoassays; and adiponectin multimeric complexes were quantified by immunoblotting. Plasma levels of total adiponectin, high and medium molecular weight multimers significantly negatively correlated with plasma levels of PCB 153 in OB, but not in C or in OB-LCD, whereas the LCD intervention lowered BMI by 3.3±3.0 kg/m 2 . Our results may suggest suppression of adiponectin by PCB 153 in obese women under non-energy-restrictive regime, which may contribute to the known association of PCB 153 and other POPs with type 2 diabetes.

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The aim of the study was to evaluate the individual and combined occurrence of mycotoxins in feed ingredients and complete feeds for pigs in the Czech Republic in the years 2013–2017. The samples were analysed for the occurrence of aflatoxins (AF), deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEA), ochratoxin A (OTA), fumonisins (FUM), and T-2/H-2 toxins. The mycotoxin most commonly found in maize and small cereal grain samples was deoxynivalenol (94% and 53%, respectively). Deoxynivalenol was also the most frequent mycotoxin in all types of swine feed. The most frequent mycotoxin combinations in the total number of samples were DON + ZEA (56.63%), DON + OTA (11.61%) and DON + sum of T2/HT2 (9.76%). The maximum values set by the European Commission for mycotoxin levels in feed ingredients and complete feeds were exceeded in the case of AFB1, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, ochratoxin A and T-2/H-2 toxins. Our findings support the need for further monitoring of mycotoxins in feed ingredients and complete feeds for pigs in the Czech Republic.