The article is devoted to the importance of the virtue of prudence and attempts to adapt it in the contemporary discourse on innovation and sustainable development. The authors come from ancient roots, recalling the positions of Socrates, Plato and, above all, Aristotle. They point to the renewed interest of contemporary researchers in the ethics of virtues and point to the important roles of prudence, prudence and responsibility in the approach to innovation. Innovations are captured as an instrumental value and a tool to shape better living conditions, work, study, rest, all forms of human activity and environmental protection. Therefore, their positive character has been exposed, although the authors also pay attention to the risk and possibility of negative effects if the virtues of nature, such as prudence, caution and responsibility are not well-formed. The authors point out that this is particularly important in the education of engineers who shape the innovative landscape of the present, and prove that this applies to mechatronics or robotics specialists, as well as production engineering specialists, because the ethical approach allows for the appropriate design of the entire team of activities from recognizing the need to satisfy it through an efficient, well-prepared, organized and properly managed production process, taking into account the basic principles of sustainable development.

In this article, we will analyze the influence of Greek spirituality on Russian culture in the second half of the 18th century, when Enlightenment ideas infused Russian society. Russian intellectual circles and the upper social class were inspired by Western categories of thought. The absence of a living theology that would give man the true meaning of life has caused tension and a great spiritual crisis in Russian society. One possible solution was to start a fight against the Enlightenment and reject any Western ideas. The second solution was to pay attention to the forgotten tradition and look for inspiration in it for the renewal of spiritual life. The spiritual renewal, known as the philokalic movement, leaned towards the second solution, building upon the Byzantine hesychastic tradition of the 14th century. This paved the way for a new era of Orthodox spirituality, which significantly influenced thinking and spiritual life in Russia. The movement of spiritual renewal is associated with the translation and publication of manuscripts written by Byzantine niptic authors, which were published in the book Dobrotolublye (gr. Philokalia). This significantly contributed to the spread of the hesychastic tradition in Russia and became an impetus for a return to Byzantine spiritual values. This article examines the spiritual, literary, and cultural activities of the most important centers of Russian Hesychasm, such as Sarov, Valaam, and Optina, and their influence on Russian society, which has not yet been recognized sufficiently.

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ZOZUĽAK, Ján. Monastic identity of Constantine the Philosopher and Methodius and the First Slavic Translations of Ascetic Texts. Before their arrival in Great Moravia, the Thessalonian brothers from Thessaloniki Constantine and Methodius lived in the Polychron monastery at Bithynian Olympus, which belonged to the most prominent monastic centres of the Byzantine Empire in the 9th century. There, they became acquainted with the Byzantine Hesychastic tradition, which served as the foundation for their own work and which they passed down to their disciples. The relative shortness of Constantine and Methodius' stay in Great Moravia precluded the organizing of a monastic way of life in this territory. For this reason, Byzantine Hesychastic tradition only entered the Slavic cultural space with the help of their pupils, who transposed it to the Bulgarian Empire, where first monasteries appeared in the 10th century and became the centres of spiritual and cultural life. The first Slavic translations of ascetic texts The Longer Responses and The Ladder of Divine Ascent are directly linked to the period of establishing the monastic way of life in Bulgaria, on which Constantine and Methodius' disciples significantly participated. These texts would become the practical handbooks on ascetic way of life for monks. Byzantine monastic practice and ascetic tradition had a marked impact not only on monks, but also on pious laypeople, for whom ascetic texts became the models of virtuous life.

ZOZUĽAK, Ján. Historical Background of the Origin of Byzantine Philosophy. The Byzantine culture had a significant influence on the Slavonic cultural context since the arrival of Constantine and Methodius to Great Moravia. Due to the impact of the Enlightenment movement in the 18th century, the history of the Byzantine Empire ended up on the periphery of scientific concern. The very same is true for Byzantine philosophy, which hardly receives any attention from Slovak philosophical circles, despite the fact that, in the 9th century CE, territory of present Slovakia won its place on the philosophical map of Europe as a part of former Great Moravia thanks to Christianizing mission of brothers Constantine and Methodius from Thessaloniki. The recent research revealed the unsubstitutable place of Byzantine philosophy in the history of European philosophical thought. The significant improvement was brought by Byzantinology, bringing the historical research to a turning point. However, the positive change in approach to historical and cultural contributions of Byzantine nations is not yet integrated in western philosophical awareness. Key words:Constantine -Cyril, Methodius, Great Moravia, Roman Empire, Byzantine Empire, Byzantinology, Byzantine philosophy abstrakt: ZOZUĽAK, Ján. Historické pozadie vzniku byzantskej filozofie. Od príchodu Konštantína -Cyrila a Metoda na Veľkú Moravu byzantská kultúra výrazne ovplyvňova-la slovanské prostredie. Vplyvom osvietencov 18. storočia sa však dejiny Byzancie ocitli na okraji vedeckého záujmu a na periférii vedeckého bádania zostala aj byzantská filozofia, ktorej sa v slovenských filozofických kruhoch nevenuje takmer žiadna pozornosť napriek tomu, že územie dnešného Slovenska sa ako súčasť územia Veľkej Moravy dostalo na filozofickú mapu Európy v 9. storočí vďaka christianizačnej misii solúnskych bratov Konštantína a Metoda. Výskum v posledných rokoch odhalil nezastupiteľné miesto byzantskej filozofie v dejinách európskeho filozofického myslenia. Významne tomu napomohla byzantoló-gia, ktorá priviedla historický výskum k zásadnému obratu, hoci pozitívne prehodnotenie historického a kultúrneho prínosu národov Byzantskej ríše sa zatiaľ neintegrovalo do historického povedomia Západu.