The LGBTQIA+ population is marginalized in contemporary society. The obstacles to which they are exposed promote vulnerabilities and social negligence, including those related to access in the context of health care. Besides, professional mistakes are common during consultations with LGBTQIA+ people and, therefore, they should be argued in the field of medical education. This manuscript aims to discusses the medical education and health practices addressed to these people. Narrative review, through scientific platforms, and qualitative analysis. Sixteen texts related to the theme were used. The invisibility of data that could guide best professional practices and strengthen public policies applied to the group stands out. It is observed that the LGBTQIA+ population is commonly marginalized in health care, due to inadequate professional practices. As a cause, medical training is noteworthy, both for the curricula that involve medical schools and for teaching practices that disregard the subject. Ensuring adequate health care may promote improvements in the experiences lived by the LGBTQIA+ population, given their health demands and confrontations in their daily lives. Health support should consider specific demands, especially related to health promotion. Medical education must be modified in order to ensure that professionals work properly with the LGBTQIA+ population. The lack of consistent data on the population under discussion jeopardizes public policies and health practices. Moreover, the topic receives little attention in medical education courses, a fact that indicates the need for changes in the curricula as well as in didactic actions of professors.
Summary The objectives were: 1. to investigate the occurrence of equine asthma syndrome (EAS) in a group of Campolina and Mangalarga Marchador horses through post‐exercise respiratory endoscopy and cytology; 2. compare the efficiency of different diagnostic criteria; and 3. compare the incidence of EAS by breed, age group and sex. A standardised exercise test was conducted in the field, followed by respiratory endoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage and fluid collection 30 min post‐exercise. Clinical evaluation pre‐ and post‐exercise, respiratory endoscopy post‐exercise and bronchoalveolar lavage, also post‐exercise, were conducted in 30 horses (15 Campolina and 15 Mangalarga Marchador) aged 3–18 years, without a history of respiratory illness and without clinical evidence of active respiratory disease. All horses were in active training and were considered fit to participate in equestrian competition characteristic of these breeds. Post‐collection, the horses were subdivided into healthy or EAS‐positive, depending on several diagnostic criteria. Statistical comparisons between breeds, age brackets (up to 7 years of age and above 7 years of age) and sex were conducted using appropriate statistical tests. According to bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cytology, 56.7% of the horses showed at least one inclusion criteria that contributed to classification as EAS‐positive. Of those, only one was classified as moderate EAS, while the others were classified as mild. Total cell count in the BALF above 530 cells/µL was the single most common diagnostic criteria (100%), followed by increased tracheal mucus (53%) at endoscopy, eosinophilia (47%) and neutrophilia (35%) in BALF. Significant differences were found between macrophage and lymphocyte numbers according to breed, but no other differences between breeds, age brackets, sex or status (healthy vs. EAS‐positive). A high occurrence of EAS was found in competition‐ready Mangalarga and Campolina pacer horses in this study.
O vírus Sars-CoV-2 ocasionou a pandemia de COVID-19, uma doença de alta transmissibilidade, caracterizada por sintomas como febre, coriza, cefaleia e desconforto respiratório, apresentando ainda, um significativo número de infectados assintomáticos. Nesse viés, objetivou-se identificar a prevalência de casos assintomáticos entre os casos reatores para SARS CoV-2 em Santa Cruz do Sul (SCS). A pesquisa trata-se do recorte de um estudo transversal de base populacional que mensurou a soroprevalência de SARS-CoV-2 através da testagem rápida para detecção qualitativa de IgG e IgM e coleta de dados sociodemográficos e sintomáticos, no Rio Grande do Sul. Na cidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, a amostra foi composta por 386 indivíduos em cada uma das três etapas do estudo. A pesquisa atendeu a todos os preceitos éticos. Posto isso, dos indivíduos entrevistados, 28 apresentaram testes reatores para COVID-19. Destes, 12 (42,8%) não manifestam sintomas clínicos característico da infecção por SARS-CoV-2. Apenas 5% apresentaram três ou mais sinais clínicos. A média da idade dos entrevistados foi de 49,5 (±19) anos, sendo que 62,7% eram do sexo feminino e 80,4% residiam na zona urbana. Quanto à presença de sintomas relacionados à COVID-19, verificou-se que 70% dos entrevistados não apresentaram sintomas ao longo das 3 etapas. Entende-se, pois, que a avaliação dos dados coletados na pesquisa em Santa Cruz do Sul ratificou a necessidade de testagem da população para distinguir os casos assintomáticos, uma vez que representam importante proporção dos casos reatores, independente da distinção de anticorpos, e constituem um notável agente de disseminação da doença.
RESUMOO SUS atravessa limites político-administrativos nacionais, em diferentes escalas. É a política pública que garante a saúde de milhões de brasileiros. Destaca-se que os distintos perfis históricos, sociais, econômicos e culturais, em diversos municípios, demandam atenção às especificidades de ações de saúde. Além disso, diferentes capacidades e direcionamentos de recursos produzem contrastes entre as estruturas sanitárias de localidades nacionais, influenciando a vida dos brasileiros. Assim, objetiva-se apresentar a estrutura que compõem a Atenção Primária em Saúde da cidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, no RS. Para tanto, foi desenvolvida investigação descritiva a partir do último Plano Municipal de Saúde, apoiada em referencial bibliográfico. Os dados indicam que as UBS, ESF, Núcleos Ampliados de Saúde da Família, quadro de funcionários, assim como serviços de outros níveis de atenção do município, estão distribuídas de acordo com as maiores demandas populacionais. O município apresenta questões relacionadas à segregação social que foram historicamente estabelecidas, contudo a estrutura sanitária não reflete tal situação. Conclui-se que os fixos sanitários se alinham às políticas de saúde nacionais de forma adequada.
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