This is the first comprehensive review comparing the effectiveness and safety across the range of antipsychotics for children and young adults. The evidence on the comparative benefits and harms of antipsychotics is limited. Some SGAs have a better side effect profile than other SGAs. Additional studies using head-to-head comparisons are needed.

This study was conducted to compare and evaluate the diametral tensile strengths of four current commercial composite resins cured with an argon laser versus a conventional (conv.) visible light. The argon laser (HGM Model 8) at 231, 280, and 450 mW, 5 mm beam size, and 10 sec exposure and a conventional visible light unit (the Max) at 20 and 40 sec exposure were used to polymerize samples of composite resins: AelitefU, Charisma, Silux Plus, and TPH. The samples were stored in light proof containers for 24 hr at room temperature and then tested on the Instron machine for diametral tensile strengths (MPa). Generally, the best results for the laser were at 280 mW. The diametral tensile strengths of laser-cured composites, with 50-75% less polymerizing time, were equal to or greater than those of the conventional light.

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Gerard van Swieten (1700–1772), a disciple of Herman Boerhaave (1668–1738), received from the Empress of Austria, Maria Theresia (1717–1780), a mandate to reform the medical faculty of the University of Vienna. In 1763 he held a ceremonious lecture about the possibilities to protect the health in the elderly. The author points out that after more than two centuries this ‘Oratio’ still contains some useful advices.

Objective: Sarcoidosis is thought to be an aberrant immune response to environmental agents, with rural living as a risk factor. We aimed to determine if farm living, consumption of farm (untreated) milk, or untreated water increased the risk of sarcoidosis. Methods: In a case-referent design, patients aged 18–60 with pulmonary sarcoidosis together with referents with other chronic respiratory disease, diagnosed 1999–2005 in Alberta, Canada, were approached through their specialist physician. Participants completed a telephone questionnaire about farm living, use of untreated water and farm milk for each residence from birth to diagnosis. Exposures at birth, up to age five, and up to diagnosis were calculated. Results: The study included 615 cases and 1334 referents. The consumption of farm milk, but not of unpiped water or farm living overall, appeared to be consistently associated with sarcoidosis in a fully adjusted analysis. The association was present for farm milk used in the residence of birth (odds ratios (OR): 1.59, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.08–2.34) and persisted for those drinking farm milk to age five years (OR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.04–2.21), and for those drinking farm milk for >16 years to diagnosis (OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.04–2.15). The association with sarcoidosis was stronger when the referent was in the subgroup diagnosed with asthma but was present also with referents with other chronic respiratory disease. Among those whose family used farm milk at birth and to age 5 years, continued use of farm milk into adulthood increased the risk of sarcoidosis. Conclusion: We observed evidence of positive association between consumption of farm milk and sarcoidosis.