Several target-site mutations in the genes of subunits SDH-B, SDH-C and SDH-D with different impact on SDHI fungicides were detected. The pattern of mutations varied from year to year and between different regions. Strict resistance management strategies are recommended to maintain SDHIs as effective tools for net blotch control, especially in areas with low frequencies of resistant isolates. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Structure-based optimization to improve the affinity of a lead compound is an established approach in drug discovery. Knowledge-based databases holding molecular replacements can be supportive in the optimization process. We introduce a strategy to relate the substitution effect within matched molecular pairs (MMPs) to the atom environment within the cocrystallized protein-ligand complex. Virtually Aligned Matched Molecular Pairs Including Receptor Environment (VAMMPIRE) database and the supplementary web interface ( http://vammpire.pharmchem.uni-frankfurt.de ) provide valuable information for structure-based lead optimization.

Dual-target inhibitors gained increased attention in the past years. A novel in silico approach was employed for the discovery of dual 5-lipoxygenase/soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors. The ligand-based approach uses excessive pharmacophore elucidation and pharmacophore alignment in conjunction with shape-based scoring. The virtual screening results were verified in vitro, leading to nine novel inhibitors including a dual-target compound.

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