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It is easy to find in the research literature examples of information and communication technology for development (ICT4Dev) initiatives that have failed. Rather than continue with a focus on technologies, our journey has led us towards the establishment of a network of community-based, ICT-enabled, sustainable micro services enterprises (called Infopreneurs TM ) where "development through enterprise" is the key. The writers argue that such success requires a more socially responsible approach to business development. We have found that when the service delivery channel is enhanced by a coordinated approach to ownership and channel support, community-based businesses work well. On this journey, the challenge has been to deploy ICT in "production" mode, so that saleable products and services can be quickly delivered to the targeted community. On the basis of such learning, this article sets out a new paradigm for practitioners in this field. Here the term Infopreneurs TM is used to describe an ICT mediated network of "social entrepreneurs" who deliver sustainable and community level e-Business in Southern Africa. C 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Background: The importance of having to consider the role of spirituality in health, mental health and psychiatry in South Africa has in particular been emphasized by recent legislation on African traditional health practice. Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the views and experience of local psychiatrists regarding the role of spirituality in South African specialist psychiatric practice and training. Method: This study is an explorative, descriptive, contextual, phenomenological and theory-generating, qualitative investigation. In-depth, semi-structured interviews with individual academic psychiatrists affiliated to a local university were conducted as primary data source. Measures to ensure trustworthiness included credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability. Results: Awareness of spirituality, "mindfulness" and an open-minded approach about spirituality should, according to participants, be facilitated in psychiatric practice and training. Six themes were identified through open coding. Discussion: All participants, disregarding of their own views on spirituality and religion, agreed, that under certain conditions, spirituality must be incorporated into the current bio-psycho-social approach in the local practice and training of specialist in psychiatry.

Compressed air systems are one of the most significant energy users on mines, with a contribution of about 20 per cent to the total electrical energy consumption on a mine. Research has shown that these compressed air networks are systemically inefficient. Improving the efficiency of these systems would result in a significant reduction in energy costs. A simulation methodology was developed and investigations were conducted into compressed air systems. A compressed air system was subsequently modelled, and a proposed means of improvement was simulated, analysed, and quantified. A South African gold mine was used as a case study. The results showed that, by reducing air usage at refuge bays, an average power reduction of 0.9 megawatts could be achieved. The improvement in efficiency could potentially lead to R6.3 million in annual energy cost savings. The study shows how simulations can help to improve efficiency and profitability in the mining industry. 2 DEVELOPMENT OF SIMULATION METHODOLOGY