The article addresses risk management in nonprofit organizations. This topical issue appears not to have been adequately studied by researchers to date. There are several questions the author of this paper attempts to answer: What are the risk categories faced by nonprofit organizations in their daily operations? Do Polish nonprofit organizations take any measures in the area of strategic risk management? A contribution is made to the theory of management of nonprofit organizations by making an overview of existing literature on the subject, identifying a research gap, proposing concepts that attempt to fill the gap, and recommending areas for future study. A comprehensive list of risks faced by nonprofit organizations in their daily operations has been developed and validated for further application. The empirical material comes from a study based on a national random sample of 235 nonprofit organizations.

This article makes a contribution to the ongoing paradigmatic debate concerning management science, aiming to define more precisely its constructs. At present, within this field there is a lack of definition, of a universally accepted way of seeing reality, which results in a clear deficit in pedagogical identity. Our proposal for a new paradigm is based on three descriptors or constructs (prisms): organization, knowledge, and safety (OKS); in this model, the leading role is played by human. The “organization” prism, in the classic sense, concerns the organization with an emphasis on the implementation of the personalistic vision of human. The “knowledge” prism includes the technical, social, and economic aspects of the collection, processing, and use of knowledge. The “security” prism is an aspect related to the identification and prevention of crises and threats to the functioning of the OKS triad as a whole.

This article reviews empirically studied strategic groups of nonprofit organizations that operate in the area of education and culture in Poland. The study was based on a sample of 485 organizations that were tested according to the hierarchical and the two-step cluster methods. This generated five largely diverse strategic groups in the sector, and each group is thoroughly described in the article.

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest propozycja ujęcia zjawiska kreatywności organizacji non profit w perspektywie personalistycznej. Podane zostały główne założenia normy personalistycznej, której konsekwencją przyjęcia jest wizja człowieka w organizacji. Zgodnie z tą wizją człowiek jest wartością nadrzędną nad uwarunkowaniami społeczno-ekonomicznymi, podkreślana jest jego godność, wolność, odpowiedzialność, dobro i prawa. Rekomendowane wdrożenie tej wizji, zarówno w praktyce jak i w teorii zarządzania, przyczyni się do budowania organizacji, w której człowiek będzie mógł być bardziej kreatywny, a organizacja efektywniejsza. Scharakteryzowane zostało również pojęcie kreatywności oraz podstawowe kierunki badań w tym zakresie, prowadzone w kontekście organizacji non-profit.

The spread of the use of the Internet in economic and social life has undeniably contributed to the development of the digital economy. Thus, it is hard to imagine that it won’t affect consumer behavior. The primary purpose of this study is to identify current trends shaping consumer behavior. This goal was achieved primarily through a critical analysis of the literature on the subject and social phenomena. For at least the past several decades, consumerism has been a particularly important phenomenon in developed countries. In opposition to consumerism stands another trend that has been experiencing a worldwide renaissance since the 1960s—that is, minimalism. One of the important trends described in the study is the virtualization of consumption. However, the text also highlights groups of consumers who are much slower to adapt to the use of modern tools, namely the digitally excluded. An attempt was also made to characterize minimalism. Its philosophical origins are indicated, and some contemporary scientific findings are presented, the results of which may have strong relevance to business practice.