Tanticharoenia aidae sp. nov. was introduced for two strains, designated as VTH-Ai06 T and VTH-Ai07, which were isolated from the stems of sugar cane collected in Vietnam. In a phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences derived from the neighbor-joining method, the two strains formed a cluster along with the type strain of Tanticharoenia sakaeratensis with a bootstrap value of 64 %. The pair-wise 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity was 98.3 % between strain VTH-Ai06 T and the type strain of T. sakaeratensis. The range of DNA G+C contents was from 65.2 to 65.4 mol%. In DNA-DNA hybridization, the two strains showed low similarities to T. sakaeratensis BCC 15772 T . Cellular fatty acids were of C 18:1 ω7c as a major. A major isoprenoid quinone was Q-10. Phenotypically, the two strains differed from the type strain of T. sakaeratensis in no production of dihydroxyacetone from glycerol. The type strain is VTH-Ai06 T (= VTCC 910001 T =BCC 67839 T = NBRC 110637 T ), whose DNA G+C content was 65.4 mol%.

A Gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped and endospore-forming bacterium, strain BK114-2 T isolated from tree bark in Thailand was characterized taxonomically using a polyphasic approach. Analysis based on comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain BK114-2 T was affiliated to the genus Paenibacillus, and was closely related to

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Probiotics have the potential as a multi-target approach to modulate hypercholesterolemia associated with premature atherosclerosis. Various strains of Lactobacillus paracasei have been reported to affect hypercholesterolemia positively. This study aimed to investigate the effects of L. paracasei TISTR 2593 on lipid profile, cholesterol metabolism, and atherosclerosis according to the registration of Thai Clinical Trial Registry as identification number TCTR 20220917002. A total of 50 participants with hypercholesterolemia were randomly and equally assigned to consume L. paracasei TISTR 2593 or a placebo in maltodextrin capsules daily. Biomarkers of lipid profiles, oxidative stress state, inflammatory state, and other biological indicators were examined on days 0, 45, and 90. The results showed that subjects taking the L. paracasei TISTR 2593 could significantly reduce the level of serum low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (p < 0.05), malondialdehyde (p < 0.001), and tumor necrosis factor-α (p < 0.01). Moreover, L. paracasei TISTR 2593 increased the level of serum apolipoprotein E (p < 0.01) and adiponectin (p < 0.001) significantly. No changes in serum total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglyceride, total bile acids, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 were observed during L. paracasei TISTR 2593 supplementation. Therefore, L. paracasei TISTR 2593 could be an adjuvant probiotic supplement to ameliorate hypercholesterolemia and prevent or delay the development of atherosclerosis.

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