To conserve and overcome the limitations of traditional propagation, a need was felt to develop an in vitro propagation protocol for Polygonatum verticillatum (L.) All. by using seeds as explant. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the most suitable concentration of plant growth regulators on callus induction and subsequent rhizome and shoot regeneration. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium fortified with Kn (8mg/l) in combination with IAA (2mg/l) proved most effective in producing maximum amount of callus from in vitro sprouted seed explants which were pre-treated with GA3 (1 mg/l) and kept at-20 º C for 30 days. Subculturing of callus on MS medium fortified with BAP (4mg/l) and NAA (1mg/l) in combination regenerated rhizomes. Shoots regenerated (13.25±2.32) from rhizomes on MS medium fortified with Kn (2mg/l) in combination with BAP (2mg/l). Roots (1.93±0.34 cm) regenerated from shoots inoculated on full strength MS medium fortified with IBA at a concentration of (2.0 mg/l) within 90 days. These in vitro raised shoots with well developed roots were successfully acclimatized in vermicompost with 80% survival rate. In addition to in vitro shooting, ex vitro regeneration of shoots from in vitro raised rhizomes was also achieved in vermicompost within 49 days.

The present study was undertaken in order to develop an efficient in vitro propagation protocol for hybrid using leaf as an explant. The effects of different concentrations of five different carbon sources i.e., sucrose, glucose, mannose, arabinose maltose was investigated on shoot regeneration of Petunia hybrid. Shoot regeneration occurred on MS medium supplemented with sucrose, glucose and maltose. No growth was obtained on MS medium when mannose and arabinose were used as carbon source. Best shoot regeneration with maximum shoot length and maximum number of shoots was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 3% carbon within 11 days with 70% culture response. Shoot regeneration was also obtained on MS medium supplemented with glucose and maltose within 18 and 24 days with 50 and 30% culture response respectively.