ABSTRACT. Aflatoxins (AFs) are one of the most known and investigated group of mycotoxins, which can be found as contaminants in different types of food and feed. Animals are exposed to AFs mainly through the consumption of contaminated feed, particularly products of plant origin. Among AFs, aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is the monohydroxylated derivative of AFB1 formed in the liver and excreted into the milk of lactating animals. This study encompassed the Vojvodina region of Serbia and was aimed at determining the levels of AFM1 excretion in sows' milk in the first 3-5 days of lactation, after consumption of naturally contaminated with AFB1 maize. A total of 110 sows' milk samples from 11 swine farms in the specific region were analyzed by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Different levels of AFM1 were detected in the majority (97%) of the examined milk samples. The obtained results showed AFM1 levels ranging from 5 to 165.4 ng/L. The results of this study pose special health concern associated with aflatoxin contamination of swine feed raw materials in this particular part of Serbia. Moreover, such high incidence of AFM1 detection in sows' milk may suggest the occurrence of long-term low level aflatoxicosis clinical cases.

Fumonisins are mycotoxins belonging to a group of potential carcinogens for humans. It is well known that they also have potentially harmful effects on various species of animals. After consumption, in the horse they may cause leukoencefalomalation, and in pig pulmonary edema. The legal regulations in Serbia do not prescribe the maximum allowed levels (ML) of fumonisins in feed. As products of Fusarium, fumonisins are often detected in corn, and their presence in wheat is also proven. However, there is not enough data on the occurrence and levels of these mycotoxins in feed. Considering the harmful effect of fumonisin on pig health and data on corn contamination, the aim of this paper is to examine the concentration of fumonisins in feed for pigs. A sum of fumonisins (B1, B2 and B3) in a total of 30 samples of feed for different categories of pigs was tested. Fumonisins were found in 83% of the examined samples. Although no sample contained more than 5 mg/kg (the maximum recommended level according to EU regulation), studies on the effect of low-dose toxin on pig health and the frequent grain contamination with multiple mycotoxins pointed out the necessity of monitoring of fumonisins levels in pig feed.

Biosigurnost, dobrоbit, dobra proizvođačka praksa i analizarizika u kritično kontrolnim tačkama su veoma značajni elementi za intenzivnuproizvodnju svinja. Planska primena biosigurnosnih mera presudna je u zaštitizdravlja svinja i uspeha proizvodnje. Preporuka je da se utiče na svest zaposlenih ostvarnoj potrebi zaštite proizvodnje u celini. Kako bi imao stalno prisutan aktivanodnos prema postojećim pretnjama. Ključna stvar u postizanju ovih ciljeva trebada budu pripremljeni planovi biosigurnosti za svaku konkretnu situaciju odnosnokonkretnu farmu svinja.