Being an energy source of another origin, the compression ignition (CI) engine’s typical design parameters might not suit Simarouba oil methyl ester (SuOME). Present experimental investigation targets are determining the effects of engine design parameters, including fuel injection pressure and nozzle geometry, on the engine, concerning performance and emissions such as carbon monoxide (CO), unburnt hydrocarbon (HC), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), and smoke opacity, with SuOME as fuel. Comparisons of brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and different emissions from the engine tailpipe were performed for different fuel injection pressures and a number of injector holes and diameter of orifices were opened in the injector to find the optimum combination to run the engine with SuOME. It was observed that the combined effect of an increase in injection pressure of 240 bar from 205 bar, and increasing number of injector holes from three to six with reduced injector hole diameters from 0.2 to 0.3 mm, recorded higher brake thermal efficiency with reduced emission levels for the SuOME mode of operation compared to the baseline standard operation with SuOME. For 240 bar compared to 205 bar of injection pressure (IP) for SuOME, the BTE increased by 2.35% and smoke opacity reduced by 1.45%. For six-hole fuel injectors compared to three-hole injectors, the BTE increased by 3.19%, HC reduced by 9.5%, and CO reduced by 14.7%. At 240 bar IP, with the six-hole injector having a 0.2 mm hole diameter compared to the 0.3 mm hole diameter, the BTE increased by 5%, HC reduced by 5.26%, CO reduced by 25.61%, smoke reduced by 10%, while NOx increased marginally by 0.27%. Hence, the six-hole FI, 240 IP, 0.2 mm FI diameter holes are suitable for diesel engine operation fueled by Simarouba biodiesel.

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Abstract:The two important parameters to be considered in the diesel engine are performance characteristics of the engine and emission characteristics. At the present energy scenario of fossil fuels can be depleted any time and in order preserve these fuels for the longer time alternate fuels such as biodiesel, plastic oils have gain prominent importance. In this paper, studies focused on study of diesel engine using waste plastic fuel. The use of alternate fuel produces HC, CO and oxides of nitrogen as products of emission. The parameters such as brake thermal efficiency; heat release rate of engine can be improved by plastic oil as energy source. Another important point is the fuel is extracted using plastic which is not degradable and not environmental friendly.

Recycling of waste plastics for power generation, automotive traction can provide perfect source of energy due to their energy content. Plastics utilization is growing daily although it is not environment friendly material but can be utilized for different applications. The disposal of after use plastic is a major task and quality of oil obtained from the same has properties similar to fuel. The main advantage of conversion of used plastic to gasoline provides additional fuel generation to be derived besides addressing the disposal issues. The plastic oil obtained from pyrolysis can be added with conventional fuel efficiently and acceptable engine overall performance. Therefore, blends of plastic oil with diesel are considered for the diesel engine applications. In the present study pyrolysis of plastic is done in presence of catalyst at temperature of 380°C to obtain oil with properties similar to petroleum fuels. The plastic oil is mixed with diesel in different volume proportions ranging from 10 to 40% and used as fuel in diesel engine to study its characteristics. Properties of plastic oil blends with diesel obtained were analysed. The lower plastic oil blends P10increased the brake thermal efficiency by 5%and lowered the rate of fuel consumption by 10%. As the blending ratio increased in-cylinder pressures and heat release rates were higher and the longer ignition delay were obtained. The emissions of HC, NOx decreased with lower plastic oil blending as compared to higher blending ratio. The result suggests that the plastic oil P10 can be used effectively as alternative fuel to diesel for engine with optimized operating situations. Utilization of PO with diesel blends of 10 to 30% in conventional engines provide acceptable engine performance and reduction in emission and hence can effectively reduce the dependence on fossil diesel fuel and reduce the foreign exchange.

Environmental Concern and depletion in petroleum reservoirs caused interest in search of alternate energies for internal combustion engine. Waste plastic materials being non-biodegradable, can be suitably processed using pyrolysis to obtain liquid fraction which has properties like petroleum fuels. 20% plastic oil (PO) blends with diesel may be utilized in diesel engines. However, adding biodiesel by 20% being renewable in nature reduces emissions. In the present work 20% PO and 20% biodiesel blend is considered to access the impact of injection timing on the engine performance. Engine tests were performed at four different injection timing 230, 210, 190, 250 and 270 before TDC. The blend (PO20+60D+B20) showed improved performance with advancing of injection timing with higher in-cylinder pressures and rapid heat release rate. Retarding the injection timings results in early combustion before the working stroke which reduces thermal efficiency. Further retarded IT of 19o bTDC results in lower in-cylinder pressures which lead to reduced engine performance. However, advancing IT to 210 improvements in engine performance with higher BTE, and lower emissions of HC, CO, and Smoke respectively with higher NOx.