Placement of covered stents for hemodialysis-related CVOD is safe, effective in relieving symptoms, and enabled functionality of new dialysis access circuits. Further prospective and randomized studies are necessary to determine whether covered stents provide superior long-term results to those achieved with PTA and bare metal stents.

TCD can detect microemboli during TEVAR and is able to identify the procedural aspects most associated with cerebral microemboli.

No abstract

This study underscores the need for heightened awareness of upper arm venous variations and advocates the regular use of preoperative ultrasound imaging. We propose that recognition of Type 3 anatomy may have implications in access algorithm and planning.

No abstract