LACINB is a feasible and reproducible procedure, which results in decreased postoperative pain and quicker recovery without a significant increase in operative time. However, longer followup is needed to assess long-term oncological and functional outcomes.

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The various flexible ureteroscopes differ with regard to flow rates as well as degree of deflection with either an empty or an occupied working channel. The Wolf flexible ureteroscope with a slightly larger working channel and a fused quartz bundle provided for superior flow and better optical performance. However, the greatest amount of tip deflection and highest light output were found in the ACMI and Karl Storz flexible ureteroscopes.

Injection of gelatin matrix hemostatic sealant into the nephrostomy tract may be of value in preventing bleeding after PCNL. In this pilot experience it provided immediate and effective hemostasis.