In this work, we present the synthesis details of uniform shape and size-controlled titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanorods followed by the deposition of cadmium sulfide (CdS) quantum dots on their surface. The achieved surfactant-capped-TiO 2 nanorods as well as CdS/TiO 2 nanocomposites were dispersed in nonpolar solvents, which enabled an easy solution blending with poly ( 2-methoxy, 5-(2-ethyl-hexy-loxy)-p-phenyl vinylene) (MEH-PPV) conjugated polymer to prepare the active layer of bulk hetero junction solar cells (BHJSCs). The properties of the synthesized capped-TiO 2 nanorods, CdS/TiO 2 nanocomposites, as well as those of their corresponding blends with MEH-PPV were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), UVVisible spectroscopy, and photoluminescence (PL) technique. The characterization of the effect of the surfactants (oleic acid, OA, olyamine, OM, and 6-aminohexanoic acid, 6AHA) left on TiO 2 surface and CdS surface modification on BHJSC photovoltaic power conversion efficiency (PCE) showed that: i) for the same surfactants, when CdS was added on the surface of TiO 2 nanorods, the PCE increased due to the higher efficiency of CdS compared to MEH-PPV; and ii) the best PEC was obtained with CdS/ OA-6AHA-capped-TiO 2 nanocomposite due to the shortest length of the carbon-chain of 6AHA, leading to higher charge carrier mobility.