Background: Conventional closure of uterus has been known to bear risk of scar dehiscence and scar rupture in subsequent pregnancies and thus, a study was conducted to compare the outcome of uterine closure with modified mattress manner and running manner and to establish a better method of uterine closure during caesarean section. Objective was to compare the conventional single layer running sutures and single layer modified mattress sutures for closure of uterus in caesarean section and find out which method is superior.Methods: This prospective interventional study was carried out in Dhiraj Hospital, a tertiary care hospital in Vadodara. 60 pregnant women in the study criteria were equally divided randomly into 2 groups. Uterine closure was done in single layered sutures, one by running sutures and other group by modified mattress sutures.Results: Uterine scar thickness on 8th day and 6 months post-operatively was significantly more in single layered suturing by modified mattress suture compared to running suture (p <0.05).Conclusions: Uterine closure by single layered modified mattress suture is better in comparison to conventional single layer running suture.

Background: AUB (abnormal uterine bleeding) is defined as any variation from the normal menstrual cycle including alteration in its frequency, regularity of menses, duration of flow and amount of blood loss. In India, the reported prevalence of AUB is 17.9%. It can occur any time between menarche to menopause. A good clinician tries to recognize and identify the causative factors responsible for the disease, reverse the abnormality and induce or restore the cyclic predictable menses which should have normal volume and duration.Methods: 200 cases of AUB fitting the selection criteria were taken from OPD and gynecology ward between September 2020 to June 2021.Results: AUB was more common in the age group 41-45 years, that is, perimenopausal age group, more in multiparous women and women with previous surgeries on uterus and adnexa. Heavy menstrual bleeding was the most common complaint. Endometrial hyperplasia was the most common finding on ultrasound examination. Medical therapy was beneficial in some patients, rest had to undergo surgical intervention later.Conclusions: Transvaginal sonography is very accurate in assessing the endometrium as well as uterus and adnexa and diagnosing their abnormalities. Medical therapy is the first line of management in most cases. Dilatation and curettage should be used along with hysteroscopy for better results. LNG-IUS gives very good result in suitable cases. Hysterectomy is the final measure if everything else fails. Vaginal hysterectomy is preferred wherever possible.