Since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, the manufacturing industry has been crucial for economic growth. China’s manufacturing activity began after China approved and opened legal reform to the rest of the world in 1978. There are usually three stages of development, including the catch-up period. At the same time, they reflect the private economic sector, manufacturing, and foreign exchange industries, and the opening up to the international markets. This advancement comes along with high energy consumption, leading to a high rate of pollution. Therefore, this study provides a detailed overview of the “Made in China 2025” pilot target and implementations of policies to achieve a carbon-neutral goal. We assessed the efficiency of implementing policies in the Chinese manufacturing sector and recommended decision-making policies to achieve the “Made in China 2025” plan and the 2030 carbon-neutral goal. The Quantitative Strategic Programming Matrix (QSPM) and SWOT analysis matrix were used to put forward some development strategies to transform and upgrade China’s manufacturing industry by combining relevant strategic theories. This study is significant in terms of energy-saving and carbon emission-reducing policy implementations for the Chinese manufacturing industry. In addition, we suggested some measures to achieve a sustainable environment in line with carbon-neutral policies.

Social and political instability threatens the economic and social development of nations. Political persecution is therefore characterized by socio-political instability as a barrier to development that creates economic difficulties, limited public and private investments and hinders national development. This article describes political persecution and economic development through a close examination of the African ministry which covers key issues such as welfare and drug trafficking. We use various measures to measure political violence and economic development, and we use the crisis management strategies of Driscoll and Kraay and a comprehensive time-based approach to measure (GMM) for a sample of Sub Saharan African countries in the period 2000-2014. In the example of political persecution, we find that the combination of individual achievement, education, capture, and health has a negative impact on politics, but GINI, unemployment, drugs and homeless people that have a positive impact on violence. In the example of the economy, political violence, armed with bribery and corruption, has a negative impact on economic development, but population, security, employment, political participation, housing have a negative impact on production and on economic progress. Positive impact on economic development. The findings underscore the importance of implementing social policies and guidelines against political violence to increase economic growth and development, productivity, political participation and human security in the regions of Africa.

Carbon dioxide emissions are a major cause of global climate change. The public is aware that the world must rapidly reduce its windows to avoid the worst effects of climate change. But how this responsibility is distributed between regions, countries, and individuals has become a recurring element of debate in international debates. This study aimed to compare the different impacts of exporting and importing CO2 emissions in 29 selected countries with the Belt and Road Initiative from 2008 to 2019. We will also look at the impact of innovations on CO2 emissions. Regular testing is done using cross-sectional data, panel data, and integrated testing. Sector results show that exports and imports have a negative effect on CO2 emissions.. EKC is useful in these countries. In addition, population size and energy e ciency increase CO2 emissions. Modern technologies reduce CO2 emissions by increasing energy e ciency. It is important to promote environmental sustainability and the development of professional enterprises in certain countries.progress on the changing relationship between economic growth and the environment is explained by applying the theory of endogenous growth, which states that the economy evolves as waste sources evolve or are replaced by more e cient and eco-friendly resources.Resource restructuring will support economic growth and development while maintaining low pollution levels. That is why the link between innovation and CO2 is so important. Development and renewable energy will help reduce CO2 and general pollution. Salman, Long et al.(2019) argue that technology is a more important means of transforming the usage of fossil fuels and the economy. (Khattak, Ahmad et al. 2022) investigates the impact of innovation on carbon emission in G-7 countries, while Toebelmann and Wendler (2020) conduct their study using data from EU-27 countries. Bilal, Li et al. (2022) examine the relationship between technological innovation, globalization, and CO2 emissions in a panel of One Belt One Road (OBOR) countries by controlling the important role of information and communication technology (ICT) on economic growth. And there is a lot of research on CO2 emissions in OBOR countries in general, but little research speci cally on middle-income countries in OBOR and the impact of trade and innovation on CO2 emissions in these countries, and therefore, the study aims to investigate the role trade plays in carbon emission in middle-income countries participating in the "one belt, one road" project, as well as the impact of innovation on carbon emission in these countries. Literature Review Impact of innovation on Carbon EmissionRepresentatives of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries are responsible for the world's largest CO2 emissions. Following the discussions, the OECD representatives decided to promote and support investments in innovations and technologies in the public and private sectors to reduce CO2 emissions. Ganda (2019) conducts a Generalized Method of Moments (GMM)...

Carbon dioxide emissions are a major cause of global climate change. The public is aware that the world must rapidly reduce its windows to avoid the worst effects of climate change. But how this responsibility is distributed between regions, countries, and individuals has become a recurring element of debate in international debates. This study aimed to compare the different impacts of exporting and importing CO2 emissions in 29 selected countries with the Belt and Road Initiative from 2008 to 2019. We will also look at the impact of innovations on CO2 emissions. Regular testing is done using cross-sectional data, panel data, and integrated testing. Sector results show that exports and imports have a negative effect on CO2 emissions.. EKC is useful in these countries. In addition, population size and energy efficiency increase CO2 emissions. Modern technologies reduce CO2 emissions by increasing energy efficiency. It is important to promote environmental sustainability and the development of professional enterprises in certain countries.

This study sought to assess the efficiency of the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) in Ghana. Data was obtained from the National Health Insurance Authority (NHIA) website in Ghana. We divided the NHIS into four main zones (Northern, Southern, Eastern and Western zone) and grouped per the number of facilities under the NHIA (hospital, clinic, pharmacy, government disbursement) weighted against the number of referrals, the number of professional staffs and funding. Network analysis and regression methodology was used to study and analyze the data. Our result showed that the number of professional staff and funding were insignificant in some zones. However, the overall analysis showed that the number of professional staff had a positive influence on the NHIA network; there was a positive flow of information within the network, which facilitate the number of referrals within the network. Funding was insignificant because the first aim of the NHIA was to meet subscribers’ satisfaction and alleviate the cost of treatment. Efficiency can be improved by establishing a system that validates and controls the bodies under the NHIA.